Child Safeguarding Flashcards
What is Abuse and Neglect?
Abuse and neglect are forms of maltreatment of a child, e.g. by inflicting arm or failing to prevent harm. This can occur in the community or institution.
What does the Assessment Framework Triangle provide information on?
3 basic principles with the child at the centre:
- Child’s Development Needs.
- Family and Environmental Factors.
- Parenting/Carer Capacity.
Give some examples when an immediate referral to social care should be considered.
- Child at immediate risk/harm.
- Unexplained injury.
- Under 2 with unexplained bruising.
- Trafficking.
- Domestic violence experienced/witnessed by child (evidence of).
- Under 1 with parents with substance abuse.
What are the 4 categories of abuse?
- Physical.
- Sexual.
- Emotional.
- Neglect.
What is physical abuse?
Involving hitting, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning etc a child.
May be Fabricated or Induced Illness on child by carer also.
What is sexual abuse?
Involving forcing/enticing a child/young person into sexual activities (penetrative or unpenetrative).
Can occur by adult males (commonest), women or other children.
What is the definition of child sexual exploitation?
When an individual/group take advantage of an imbalance of power to coerce, manipulate or deceive a child/young person (under 18) in exchange for something the victim wants (e.g. status or financial benefits).
Can be sexually exploited even if consensual.
What is neglect?
Persistent failure to meet a child’s basic physical and/or psychological needs, likely to result in serious impairment of child’s health and development.
Can be at pregnancy (maternal substance abuse).
E.g. failure to provide food, emotional support, safety, shelter, medical care etc.
What is medical neglect?
Minimising or ignoring a child’s illness or health needs and failing to seek medical attention/administer medication and treatment.
Can occur in pregnancy e.g. smoking or substance misuse.
What is emotional abuse?
Persistent emotional maltreatment of a child such as to cause severe and persistent adverse effects on a child’s emotional development.
Child may feel worthless etc.
Don’t give child opportunity to express views (silence them).
May also be age/developmentally inappropriate expectations such as expecting them to get themselves breakdfast or overprotection and limiting their exploration.
What are the key themes from serious case reviews?
- Need to be aware of confirmatory bias and reflex on own bias to stop clouding of the child risk.
- Use medical and medication reviews to support referral to social care.
- Primary age child self harmed consider abuse.
- Recognising males who pose a risk.
- Balance the needs of parents and children.
How should you handle a disclosure?
Listen don’t ask questions.
Do not stop a young person freely recalling significant events.
Remain calm.
Don’t promise to not tell anyone else or that everything will be okay.
Make report of discussion straight away.
Record all other events.
Reassure the child/young person that it was the right thing to do in telling.
What should you do if you are concerned about the welfare of a patient?
- Seek explanation for concern.
- Record event.
- Inform and discuss with line manager.
- Agree what action to take-> fill in MARF form and refer to social care.
- Pass information to social care immediately by phone.
- Within 24 hours follow up with written record or referral info.
- Provide further background to social care if requested.
What are the principles of safeguarding adults?
Sexual, physical, financial,emotional or psychological violation or neglect of a person unable to protect themselves or prevent it from happening.
Give an example of discriminatory abuse.
Giving a Muslim man with dementia pork because it doesnt matter!
