Child Psychiatry Flashcards
What is ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
what is the diagnostic triad of ADHD
inattention
hyperactivity
impulsivity
what else does there need to be to have a diagnosis of ADHD
symptoms are: developmentally inappropriate impairing pervasive longstanding
what things are often comorbid with ADHD
Social communication difficulties LD Attachment difficulties Mood and anxiety problems Behavioural disorders (ODD/CD) Substance use
what is poorly treated ADHD associated with
crime
substance misuse
other mental disorders
in later life
how is a child with adhds cognistion affected
working memory is impaired
what is 1st line psychological therapy in ADHD
parent training (new forest program) behavioural classroom management strategies
what is 2nd line psychological therapy for ADHD
social skills training
sleep and diet
what is first line pharmocologocal therapy for ADHD
methylpenidate
dexamfetamine
lisdexamfetamine
what is second line pharmacological therapy in ADHD
atomoxetine
what is third line drug therapy in ADHD
antidepressents
antihypertensives
antipsychotics
why are stimulants good treatment of adhd
improved dopamine transmission involved in executive functioning in prefrontal cortex
what are the side effects of stimulatns
reduced appetite and sleep
dysphoria, anxiety and tics also possible
what is autism
problems in social communication, interaction and restrictive/repetitive patterns of thinking
what gender is ASD more common in
males
what are the triad of impairements in ASD
impaired social interaction
language and communication impairment
problems with thoughts and behaviour
additional - sensory differences
what things are co morbid with ASD
LEARNING DISABILITY DEPRESSION SOCIAL ANXIETY OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER Overlaps with stereotypies ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Overlap in symptoms DYSPRAXIA
what is needed for a diagnosis of autism
Must have at least 6 symptoms total with :
2 in social interaction
1 in communication
1 in restricted or repetitive behaviour
must be early onset and longstanding
what causes ASD
strongly heritable
no clear pathological mechansims
what is risperidone used for in autism
aggression or self injury
what is methylphenidate used in ASD
ADHD symptoms
when is melatonin used in ASD
sleep problems
