Child: Mood disorders

Question 1

What are the most common diagnoses in Childhood mood disorders?

Answer 1

1. Internalising disorders: Anxiety/mood disorders
2. Externalising disorders: ODD, CD, ADHD
3. Developmental Disorders: Autism, mental retardation, learning disorder

Question 2

What are the most common diagnoses in Childhood mood disorders?

Answer 2

1. Internalising disorders: Anxiety/mood disorders
2. Externalising disorders: ODD, CD, ADHD
3. Developmental Disorders: Autism, mental retardation, learning disorder

Question 3

Depression in childhood: Epidemiology

Question 4

Depression in Adolescence: Etiological theories

Answer 4

Cog diathesis stress models
1. Beck: Negative schema
2. Seligman: Helplessness, negative attributions
3. Cog style + Negative events –> Depression (12-14yo onwards)
Mid adolescence: Critical time for MD
- Negative cog styles consolidated
- Increased stress during adolescence

Question 5

Why MD increase esp in females?

Answer 5

• Reporting more differences? (Social acceptance)
• Self-medication in males?
• Hormonal diff?
  Higher stress exposure in females
• Sexual victimisation
• Body image concerns (80% girls) –> lowered SE
• Vicarious stress in social network - take on others’ stress
  Higher negative cog style in females
  Diff coping responses to stress
• Rumination vs distraction –> problematic problem solving

Question 6

Cause of depression in preadolescents? (

Answer 6

Do children possess negative cog styles? Hard to know
Negative events –> cog style –> Depression
Role of depressed parent - less responsive, more critical
Emotional abuse, neglect

Question 7

How to treat children/adolescents with medication for MDD?

Answer 7

No SSRIs/antidepressants are approved for treating MDD in children and adolescents (Aus)! similar, worldwide

Question 8

How to treat children/adolescents with CBT for MDD?

Answer 8

Derived from adult approaches
Prevention:
- use CBT techniques
- Universal prevention: All students
- Indicated prevention: Children/adolescents with high scores on symptom scales
- Selective prevention: Target “high risk groups”
- Young children/toddlers: Aimed at parents

Question 9

Depression in childhood: Epidemiology

Question 10

Depression in Adolescence: Etiological theories

Answer 10

Cog diathesis stress models
1. Beck: Negative schema
2. Seligman: Helplessness, negative attributions
3. Cog style + Negative events –> Depression (12-14yo onwards)
Mid adolescence: Critical time for MD
- Negative cog styles consolidated
- Increased stress during adolescence

Question 11

Why MD increase esp in females?

Answer 11

• Reporting more differences? (Social acceptance)
• Self-medication in males?
• Hormonal diff?
  Higher stress exposure in females
• Sexual victimisation
• Body image concerns (80% girls) –> lowered SE
• Vicarious stress in social network - take on others’ stress
  Higher negative cog style in females
  Diff coping responses to stress
• Rumination vs distraction –> problematic problem solving

Question 12

Cause of depression in preadolescents? (

Answer 12

Do children possess negative cog styles? Hard to know
Negative events –> cog style –> Depression
Role of depressed parent - less responsive, more critical
Emotional abuse, neglect

Question 13

How to treat children/adolescents with medication for MDD?

Answer 13

No SSRIs/antidepressants are approved for treating MDD in children and adolescents (Aus)! similar, worldwide

Question 14

How to treat children/adolescents with CBT for MDD?

Answer 14

Derived from adult approaches
Prevention:
- use CBT techniques
- Universal prevention: All students
- Indicated prevention: Children/adolescents with high scores on symptom scales
- Selective prevention: Target “high risk groups”
- Young children/toddlers: Aimed at parents