Child langauge terminology

Question 1

Lexical/ content words

Answer 1

words with a clear meaning

Question 2

Grammatical function words

Answer 2

words that are difficult to define

Question 3

Underextension

Answer 3

children may assume a restricted use for a word

eg assuming their dog is the only dog in the world

Question 4

Overextension: Categorical

Answer 4

One word is applied to everything in that category.

eg all round fruit is an apple

Question 5

Phonetic note

Answer 5

consonant clusters (pl, st) difficult for children to pronounce so they delete them

Question 6

morphology

Answer 6

the make- up of words

Question 7

Vocative address

Answer 7

addressing by name

Question 8

Syntax/ syntactical development

Answer 8

sentencing

Question 9

post-alveolar affricatives

Answer 9

/d3/ and /tʃ/ phonemes , eg the j in jam, or the ch in church

Question 10

articulately phonetics

Answer 10

the study of sounds, manner and places of articulation

Question 11

change of location verbs

Answer 11

‘put’ ‘take’

someone causing something to change location

Question 12

change of state verbs

Answer 12

‘make’

someone causing a change

Question 13

change of possession verbs

Answer 13

‘give’

involves possession

Question 14

antithesis

Answer 14

opposite, can extend to structured opposites and word opposites

Question 15

absolute adjective

Answer 15

basic form of an adjective, e.g big

Question 16

spatial adjective

Answer 16

relative quantities

eg small, big, long

Question 17

comparative adjective

Answer 17

comparing eg bigger

Question 18

superlative adjective

Answer 18

the greatest form of an adjective , e.g. biggest

Question 19

antonym

Answer 19

a words opposite, e.g. happy and sad

Question 20

orthography

Answer 20

handwriting : written words

Question 21

place of articulation

Answer 21

where the constrictions / obstructions occur

Question 22

manner of articulation

Answer 22

the arrangement and interaction of the speech organs when making a speech sound

Question 23

what is the schwa vowel

Answer 23

/ə/

Question 24

what is the strut vowel?

Answer 24

/ʌ/

Question 25

what is substitution?

Answer 25

when children replace one sound for another

Question 26

what is assimilation?

Answer 26

harmonisation of sounds - sounds in one part of the word replace the others

eg dog becomes gog

Question 27

what is deletion?

Answer 27

dropping part of a word

eg banana becomes nana

Question 28

what is consonant clusters

Answer 28

very difficult to grasp

eg tr

Question 29

reduplication

Answer 29

pronouncing different syllables in a word the same

eg bubu for bottle

Question 30

spoonerism

Answer 30

where we mix up sounds in words

eg fighting a liar rather than lighting a fire

Question 31

presupposition

Answer 31

term for assumption

Question 32

protoword

Answer 32

a neologised word a child uses repetively.

Question 33

overextension: analogical

Answer 33

one word is used to describe something in a different category

e.g. calling an apple and the moon “ball” because they are both round.

Question 34

overextension: mismatch statements

Answer 34

when children use a random word with a loose association, through the environment and experience.

e.g. “duck” when they see an empty pond.

Question 35

hypernym

Answer 35

words that relate to broad categories or general concepts.

e.g. “dog” is a hypernym of more precise breeds

Question 36

hyponym

Answer 36

words that describe things more specifically.

e.g. proper nouns or breeds of dog.

Question 37

egocentric speech

Answer 37

involves a child talking to themselves for self-guidance.

Question 38

sociodramatic play

Answer 38

children play together using role play because it is enjoyable, also practices socail interaction and negotiation skills with players’ roles often decided as they play.

Question 39

conversion

Answer 39

changing a words word class