Child langauge terminology Flashcards
Lexical/ content words
words with a clear meaning
Grammatical function words
words that are difficult to define
Underextension
children may assume a restricted use for a word
eg assuming their dog is the only dog in the world
Overextension: Categorical
One word is applied to everything in that category.
eg all round fruit is an apple
Phonetic note
consonant clusters (pl, st) difficult for children to pronounce so they delete them
morphology
the make- up of words
Vocative address
addressing by name
Syntax/ syntactical development
sentencing
post-alveolar affricatives
/d3/ and /tʃ/ phonemes , eg the j in jam, or the ch in church
articulately phonetics
the study of sounds, manner and places of articulation
change of location verbs
‘put’ ‘take’
someone causing something to change location
change of state verbs
‘make’
someone causing a change
change of possession verbs
‘give’
involves possession
antithesis
opposite, can extend to structured opposites and word opposites
absolute adjective
basic form of an adjective, e.g big
spatial adjective
relative quantities
eg small, big, long
comparative adjective
comparing eg bigger
superlative adjective
the greatest form of an adjective , e.g. biggest
antonym
a words opposite, e.g. happy and sad
orthography
handwriting : written words
place of articulation
where the constrictions / obstructions occur
manner of articulation
the arrangement and interaction of the speech organs when making a speech sound
what is the schwa vowel
/ə/
what is the strut vowel?
/ʌ/
what is substitution?
when children replace one sound for another
what is assimilation?
harmonisation of sounds - sounds in one part of the word replace the others
eg dog becomes gog
what is deletion?
dropping part of a word
eg banana becomes nana
what is consonant clusters
very difficult to grasp
eg tr
reduplication
pronouncing different syllables in a word the same
eg bubu for bottle
spoonerism
where we mix up sounds in words
eg fighting a liar rather than lighting a fire
presupposition
term for assumption
protoword
a neologised word a child uses repetively.
overextension: analogical
one word is used to describe something in a different category
e.g. calling an apple and the moon “ball” because they are both round.
overextension: mismatch statements
when children use a random word with a loose association, through the environment and experience.
e.g. “duck” when they see an empty pond.
hypernym
words that relate to broad categories or general concepts.
e.g. “dog” is a hypernym of more precise breeds
hyponym
words that describe things more specifically.
e.g. proper nouns or breeds of dog.
egocentric speech
involves a child talking to themselves for self-guidance.
sociodramatic play
children play together using role play because it is enjoyable, also practices socail interaction and negotiation skills with players’ roles often decided as they play.
conversion
changing a words word class
