Child Growth and Development Flashcards
What is growth?
Specific body changes and increases in the child’s size
What is development?
An increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more complicated
How does Growth proceed from?
The head downward, from the center of the body outwards
Developmental sequence is..
similar for all
Development proceeds from….
General to Specific
Development is….
Continuous
Development proceeds at…..
Different rates
All areas of development are…
Interrelated
What is a set of facts of principles in relation to one another and lead to explain phenomena?
A theory
What is a fact or behavior that can be observed
A Phenomena
How many levels of Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs have?
5 levels
What does Maslow’s theory state?
That an individual must have their lower-level needs met before higher-level needs can be accomplished
TRUE or FALSE
Neglect can occur at only the Physical level?
FALSE
Neglect can occur at any level
How many stages does Erik Erikson have?
8 Psychosocial stages called conflicts
What does Erick Erikson’s theory focus on?
Emotional and personality development that must be resolved at stages throughout life
How many stages does Jean Piaget have?
4 basic stages
What does Piaget’s stages represent?
A change from one type of thought or behavior to another and builds on the stage before
What does Vygotsky’s theory focus on?
The connections between people and the culture in which they interact
What does Maria Montessori theory focus?
The child’s independence through a nice environment
What is the Zone of Proximal Development
Where learning takes place
What is scaffolding?
As the child learns, the responsibility is gradually transferred to him/her
What did John Bowlby’s research indicate?
That young children need attentive, responsive adults in order to develop into well-adjusted individuals through the following stages of their lives
How many brain cells are there in a child at birth
100 billion
What is “developmental windows”
Certain periods of time where child are very receptive to their surroundings and interactions with other people
What is heredity?
The passing down of genetic characteristics from parents to their children
What is Temperament
A prevailing or dominant quality that characterizes a person, such as emotional or fussy
What is Personality ?
The totality of a person’s attitudes, interests, behavioral patterns, emotional responses, social roles, and individual traits that endure over a long time.
“Nature” refers to…
Genetics
“Nurture” refers to
Environment and experiences
What is a brain- based neurological disorders characterized by social impairments and communication difficulties; as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior?
Autism Spectrum disorder
What is an genetic disorder that result in a number of physical characterizes and intellectual impairments?
Down Syndrome
What does ADA stand for?
Americans with Disabilities Act
What does IDEA stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
A person with IDEA can get free school from what ages?
age 3 to 21
What is a strategy that stops challenging behaviors before they start?
Prevention
What is a strategy used to guide children’s behaviors by recognizing challenging behaviors
Redirection
What is a strategy in which behaviors are rewarded so that children are encouraged to repeat them?
Reinforcement
TRUE or FALSE
Development is uneven
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE
It is the sequence of growth and development, not the age that is the important factor in evaluating a child’s progress
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE
Reading and Writing skills develop in children at the same time
TRUE
What does NAEYC mean
National Association for the Education of Young Children
What does DAP mean?
Developmentally Appropriate Practice
How long does a child need to read in a day?
30 minutes
