Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NMSP Exam 1 > Child/Elder Abuse > Flashcards

Child/Elder Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Physicians primary role in the setting of child or elder abuse

A

To report, not investigate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If child abuse is suspected, what should the physician attempt to do, in hopes of gathering more information?

A

Separate the child from the guardian for a PE, the child may reveal more information during this time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Risk factors for child maltreatment

A
  • Fussy, colicky infant
  • < 1 y/o
  • Behavioral problems (hyperactive)
  • Medical fragility, illness
  • Non-biological relationship with caregiver
  • Prematurity
  • Unwanted pregnancy
  • Special needs infant/child
  • Twins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Risk factors that make a caregiver more like to abuse a child

A
  • Criminal history
  • Substance abuse
  • Mental health hx
  • Misconceptions about child care/child development
  • Teen parents (esp. without family support)
  • Non-biological father figure in home
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define child abuse

A

A recent act or failure to act that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation or imminent risk of serious harm

  • Involves a child
  • Carried out by a parent or caregiver who is responsible for the child’s welfare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Four main types of child abuse

A
  1. Neglect
  2. Emotional
  3. Physical
  4. Sexual
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What characterizes neglect of a child?

A

Failure to provide for a child’s basic needs:

  • Physical (food, clothing, shelther, hygiene)
  • Emotional (love, security, affection)
  • Educational (improper enrollment)
  • Medical (no medical/dental care)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most common type of child abuse?

A

Neglect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common cause of death in abused children?

A

Neglect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Well-child visits are essential to assess for neglect. What should be assessed during these visits?

A
  • Nutrition
  • Safety, injury prevention
  • Developmental stages
  • Dental and eye care recommendations
  • Educational needs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What options are available if a diagnosis of neglect is unclear?

A
  • Arrange a home visit by a social worker or home nurse
  • Request that the local police perform a “well check”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is one mandatory thing a physician should do when suspecting child abuse?

A

Contact Child Protective Services, even when in doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What behavioral patterns may suggest emotional abuse?

A
  • Social withdrawal
  • Excessive anger, aggression; emotional disturbances
  • Eating disorders
  • Failure to thrive
  • Developmental delays
  • Sleep disorders
  • Self-injurious behaviors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What suspicious exam findings may clue into child abuse?

A
  • Bruises, bites
  • Abd trauma
  • Posterior rib fx
  • Skull fx (infants)
  • Scapular fx
  • Sternal fx
  • Fx of spinous process
  • Cigarette burns
  • Metaphyseal lesions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three types of sexual abuse

A
  1. Non-touching
  2. Touching
  3. Exploitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of non-touching sexual abuse

A
  • Expose a child to pornography
  • Neglectfully allow child to see/hear active sexual activity
17
Q

Examples of touching sexual abuse

A
  • Fondling
  • Touching a child or making a child touch sexual organs
  • Penetration of labia or anus by object for non-medical purposes
  • Oral-genital contact
18
Q

Examples of sexual exploitation

A
  • Engaging a child for purposes of prostitution
  • Using a child to film, photograph or model pornography
  • Human trafficking; sex slavery
19
Q

In what age range are most victims of sexual abuse?

A

9-12 years old

20
Q

Are there usually physical findings of sexual abuse on PE?

A

No

21
Q

What is the most important part of a patient encounter to be documented in regards to sexual abuse?

A

The history

22
Q

A minimal facts interview helps to establish what?

A

The “who, what, when, where, how” of a sexual abuse case

23
Q

Why should you avoid asking a child when something occurred when inquiring about sexual abuse?

A

Children have difficulty with spatial timing and can become confused

24
Q

Very high risk populations (5) to be victims of sexual abuse

A
  • Intellectually disabled (4x more likely)
  • Deaf children (50%)
  • Developmentally disabled adults
    • 83% of females
    • 32% of males
  • LGBTQ (3x more likely)
  • Transgender (50%)
25
Q

Risk factors which put an elderly individual at risk of abuse

A
  • Dementia, psych diagnosis
  • Physical dependence
  • Incontinence
  • > 75 y/o and female
  • Low income
26
Q

Those found to abuse the elderly tend to have what characteristics?

A
  • Substance abuse disorder
  • Male
  • Hx of violent behavior
  • Financial dependence on the victim
  • Are a close caregiver or family member of the victim
27
Q

Types of elder abuse

A
  1. Physical
    • Hitting, slapping, physical/chemical restraint
  2. Sexual
    • Rape, unwanted touching, innuendo
  3. Psychological
    • Threaten to institutionalize or to withdrawal Rx, nutrition and hydration
  4. Financial
    • Theft, blackmail, coercion to change will
  5. Neglect
    • Failure to provide goods/services necessart for maintaining health
28
Q

Signs of neglect in the eldery

A
  • Lack of needed nutrition
  • Poor personal care
    • Smells of urine when incontinent
  • Lack of needed medication or health aids
    • Glasses, dentures, hearing aids
29
Q

What kinds of bruises seen on PE may indicate elder abuse?

A
  • Bilateral bruises on the inner surface of the arms
    • From being grabbed
  • Bruising of soft tissue
    • Not over bony prominence
30
Q

What kinds of fractures may indicate elder abuse?

A
  • Fractures at different stages of healing
  • Spiral fx
    • Caused by twisting of limbs
31
Q

Physicians role when suspecting elder abuse

A
  1. Report to senior protective services
  2. Document carefully
    • Photographs if possible
    • X-rays
    • Diagram injuries
    • Written documentation

NMSP Exam 1 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions