Child Development, Learning, and Assessment Flashcards
According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, __ and __ are processes included in the overall process of __.
a. Assimilation; accommodation; adaptation
b. Adaptation; assimilation; accommodation
c. Accommodation; adaptation; assimilation
d. Adaptation; accommodation; eqilibrium
A
By the time they are two years old, children’s brain typically have grown to __ of their adult sizes.
a. 90%
b. 75%
c. 55%
d. 40%
C
Which of the following is NOT one of Bandura’s conditions required for learning?
a. Attention
b. Cognition
c. Retention
d. Motivation
D
A young child, angry at one parent, momentarily wishes he would leave. Later, when that parent moves out as the couple separates, the child blames it on her earlier wish. Piaget called this:
a. Animism
b. Egocentrism
c. Magical Thinking
d. Intuitive thinking
C
According to principles of behaviorism, which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
a. Telling a child s/he can skip a chore s/he dislikes in return for going to bed on time
b. Telling a child s/he must do a chore s/he dislikes in return for going to bed too late
c. Telling a child s/he can do more of something s/he enjoys for going to bed on time
d. Telling a child s/he can have less of something s/he enjoys for going to bed late.
A
A younger child watches you pour juice froma short, wide container into a tall, thin container and concludes there is more juice in the taller container because s/he sees the juice rising up higher in the glass. An older child concludes there is the same amount of juice either way, pointing out, “This glass is taller than the other one, but it’s also thinner. Besides, I just saw you pour it from that glass to this glass, so it’s the same amount no matter what the glasses look like.”
In which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development is the older child?
a. Preoperational
b. Concrete operations
c. Sensorimotor
d.Formal operations
B
At what age should a typically developing child be able to tell others his/her name, age, and sex?
a. Two years
b. Four years
c. One year
d. Three years
D
Of the following motor skills, which do babies or toddlers typically develop the latest?
a. Play “patty cake”
b. Pull up to stand
c. Jumping in place
d. The pincer grasp
C
Which of these infant reflexes normally disappears at the latest ages?
a. Babinski reflex
b. Stepping reflex
c. Grasping reflex
d. The tonic reflex
A
On their way to the “correct” stage of spelling development, in which of the other four stages are children most likely to use invented spellings?
a. Phonetic
b. Transitional
c. Semiphonetic
d. Precommunicative
A
When can normally developing children typically combine four or more words into sentences?
a. Around 1-2 years old
b. Around 2-3 years old
c. Around 3-4 years old
d. Around 4-5 years old
C
Which of these is accurate regarding individual observations a teacher could make for informal assessments of students in pre-K classes?
a. Teachers would not use a checklist to conduct individual informal assessments.
b. Teachers might keep running records, but should not utilize anecdotal records.
c. Teachers cannot assemble portfolio assessments of children’s work for these.
d. Teachers can fill out a chart of various domains with child strengths and needs.
D
The Scholastic Early Childhood Inventory (SECI), a formal assessment instrument,tests children’s progress in domains that predict kindergarten readiness. Which of the following is NOT one of these domains?
a. Mathematics
b. Alphabet knowledge
c. Scientific knowledge
d. Phonological awareness
C
Erikson designated his stage of psychosocial development focused on the conflict of Initiative vs. Guilt as a period characterized by:
a. Friends
b. Hope
c. Trust
d. Play
D
Among major congenital structural defects in newborns, which one is the most common in the USA?
a. Spina bifida
b. Cleft palates
c. Heart defects
d. Clubbed feet
C
