Child Development & Child Psychiatry

Question 1

A term than encompasses activity level, distractibility, persistence, regularity, mood, sensory threshold, intensity of emotional expression, adaptability to change in routine, tendency to approach or avoid novel situations.

Answer 1

Temperament

Question 2

Temperament: thought to stay fairly constant or malleable through the lifespan?

Answer 2

Thought to stay fairly consistent

Question 3

Child pays visual attention to others, has increased vocalizations (squealing), and can support their own head and chest.

The infant is probably > ____ old.

Answer 3

The child is > 1 month old (this stage is around 1-2mo old)

Question 4

In this child, we notice they can percieve depth, they smile, their “primitive reflexes” (like the grasping or suckling reflex) is diminished, they’re babbling, and they reach for things.

The infant is probable > ____ old.

Answer 4

The child is > 2 months old (this stage around 2-4 mo old)

Question 5

This baby is cruising (walking only with support), grasping object with a thumb and finger, said first word!

The baby is probably > _____ months old.

Answer 5

The child is probably >7 months old (this stage 7-12 months)

Question 6

Your baby just said their first word. Oh no, but you have amnesia and can’t remember their age. How old is it probably?

Answer 6

7-12 months old, just under a year

You better see a neurologist.

Question 7

This baby presented before you walks and runs by themselves. They also make gestures to show you what they need and are starting to say words.

This baby is probably between ____ and ____ months old.

Answer 7

13-18 months old (~ 1 - 1.5 years). I’m using first work ~12 mo as a milestone, so if they’ve already said a word, you figure >12 mo.

Question 8

This toddler already walks (they’re toddling!) and says words. In their bag of tricks is drawing a horizontal line (what a picasso) and throwing a ball (the next LeBron James!). They’re starting toilet training.

This baby is probably between ____ and ____ months old.

Answer 8

16 (~1.5 years) - 24 (2 years)

Question 9

This toddler already walks (they’re toddling!) and says words. In their bag of tricks is drawing a horizontal line (what a picasso) and throwing a ball (the next LeBron James!). They’re starting toilet training.

Are they 3 yet?

Answer 9

No.

They’re probably 1.5-2 years old.

Question 10

This little tyke can draw lines and throw balls. Now she’s drawing circles and riding tricycles! Going places! She’s also getting articulate with almost 1000 words (~800).

What are the lower/upper estimates of her age? Is she 3 yet?

Answer 10

Not yet.

She’s ~2-3 years old (24 mo to 36 mo)

Question 11

This kid not only draws lines and circles, they are now able to draw SQUARES TOO!

Now, we’re pretty sure they’re older than ____.

Answer 11

3

Question 12

This child looks at picture books, hops on one foot, and is starting to get grammar. They know ~1000 words. They can draw lines, circles, and squares.

This child is about ___ years old.

Answer 12

3

Question 13

Okay: lines, circles, squares. Now this little Einstein is drawing triangles.

This child is probably ___ to ___ years old. (They’re definitely ___ years old, but less than ___ years old)

Answer 13

4-5

PS Fun Fact: Einstein actually wasn’t a great student

Question 14

This infant smiles when it see’s mom’s face and hears her voice. This child is not only supporting the head and chest but can now sit without support. You put M&Ms on the table and the child can’t pince them, it grabs them with its whole fist.

This baby is probably ___ to ___ months old.

Answer 14

About half a year old: 4-6mo

Question 15

What comes first: (a) grasping with thumb and finger or (b) grasping with the whole hand (“prehensile grasp”)

Answer 15

Whole hand prehensile grasp: 4-6mo
Thumb forefinger pince: 7-12 mo

Think gross motor before fine motor

Question 16

You show the child a toy, the child gets super interested in it. And then you place the toy behind a blanket screen. The child doesn’t look for the toy (either they cry or start looking at other things quickly). The child is missing what developmental milestone?

Answer 16

Obiect permanance

Question 17

You expect that a child will search for a toy if you hide it by the time they reach ____ age.

Answer 17

8 mo - 1 year

Question 18

A mother leaves her baby for a moment and you step in to watch it (caregiver leaves, stranger approaches). It cries its head off (distress). Relax, it’s not because you’re ugly. This child is experiencing _______, which onsets around _______ of age.

Answer 18

stranger anxiety

7-9 mo of age

they can start telling the difference between people

Question 19

A mother leaves her 4 month old baby for a moment and you step in to watch (caregiver leaves, stranger approaches). What reaction do you expect? Distress/crying or neutrality.

What phenomenon am I referring to?

Answer 19

stranger anxiety (onsets 7-9 mo of age)

At this younger age, they shouldn’t react really

Question 20

This child is frightened when mom is upset and it’s not because she’s a huge bitch. A child thinks “nice mommy” and “mean mommy” are two different people. The milestone lacked by this child is called:

Answer 20

object constancy

mom is constant, mean mommy = nice mommy

Question 21

This child understands that mean mommy and happy mommy are actually the same person. What is the milestone called? When (between what years) do we expect it to develop?

Answer 21

object constancy

between year 2 & 3 (24-36mo)

Question 22

Gender identity is established between years ___ and ___.

Answer 22

2 and 3

Question 23

Object constancy alleviates what form of distress in children’s relationships with their caregivers?

Answer 23

separation anxiety

Question 24

The child doesn’t have separation anxiety anymore and throw a crying fit when mom leaves because of what cognitive developmental milestone? So they’re probably older than ___.

Answer 24

object constancy

probably older than 3 - 3.5 years

Question 25

Little Marla just started playing with dolls (we’re not in gender-neutral Sweden here) and pretending like the dolls are real people. N’awww.

What developmental milestone does this represent. Marla is probably between ___ to ___ years old.

Answer 25

symbolic play

2-3 years old

Question 26

You’re cutting a pizza for little Jeremiah and his friend John. Half for each because they’re growing boys. But you cut Jeremiah’s half into little slices because you love him. John gets super upset because you have Jeremiah more pizza but Jeremiah understands its the same amount. What developmental milestone does Jeremiah have than John is missing? What are they probably ages?

Answer 26

Conservation (Specifically, conservation of mass. This is a “concrete operation”)

Jeremiah is probably 7-11 years old and John is probably under 7 years old.

Question 27

Logic, categories/classification (like by color or shape), putting things in a serial order (like numbers or shapes in order of size), conservation (properties of an object same even if it changes location), reversibility (subtraction is the opposite of addition). Together, these are called:

Answer 27

concrete operations

develop between ages 7-11

Question 28

Abstract thinking is the final frontier of cognitive thinking. This begins around

Answer 28

age 11 (concrete thinking develops 7-11)

Question 29

Marla and Pop both say that following the rules is important. When asked, Pop explains that mommy said so and that mommy will not let her eat cake. Marla explains it’s important to raise your hand during class to respect everyone’s turn to talk. Marla is clearly older, but what age do you expect her to be?

Answer 29

7-8

seeing rules as a pact made between interested parties that can be changed with consensus and NOT just an act of obedience and punishment avoidance

Question 30

Marla used to break the rules all the time without abandon. But now, she feels a new emotion: guilt. Marla is now probably older than:

3
5
6
8

Answer 30

6

Question 31

Now let’s talk about children over 1 years old who are over stranger anxiety (7-9mo) and put them through the “strange situation test” to learn about attachment style: Mom & baby. Stranger comes in, mom leaves, mom returns.

Attachment style: When mom leaves, boy runs right to door and cries and yells out for her, getting more and more upset and the stranger can’t console him. when mom returns, stops crying, becomes happy almost immediately and starts exploring the room again, showing his toys to mom.

Which one of 3 attachment types is described?

Answer 31

secure

Question 32

Now let’s talk about children over 1 years old who are over stranger anxiety (7-9mo) and put them through the “strange situation test” to learn about attachment style: Mom & baby. Stranger comes in, mom leaves, mom returns.

Attachment style: The child seems apparently unruffled by the whole ordeal. When mom leaves, the infant is not distressed. When mom returns, child doesn’t show interest. And is comforted just as easily by mom or stranger.

Which one of 3 attachment types is described?

Answer 32

avoidant

Question 33

Now let’s talk about children over 1 years old who are over stranger anxiety (7-9mo) and put them through the “strange situation test” to learn about attachment style: Mom & baby. Stranger comes in, mom leaves, mom returns.

Attachment style: When mom leaves, he has a cow - an intense fit. He’s actively avoiding the stranger and scared of the stranger. When mom returns, the child gets close but when mom reaches out for a hug he refuses, even pushes her away. This child explores the least of the 3 attachment types.

Which one of 3 attachment types is described?

Answer 33

resistant

when mom returns, child gets close but “resists” contact with her