Child Development

Question 1

What are the main developmental milestones within the first decade of life?

Answer 1

Gross motor, fine motor, language, cognitive, social milestones

These milestones are critical for assessing child development.

Question 2

What factors affect child development?

Answer 2

Nature/Nurture, Biological, Genetics, Environmental, In utero, Parental influences, Nutrition, Air quality

These factors interact to influence a child’s growth and development.

Question 3

What is the average weight of a newborn baby at full term (37 weeks)?

Answer 3

Around 3-4 kg (6.6 – 8.8 lbs)

This weight is typical for full-term infants in the UK.

Question 4

What percentage of newborns are considered low birthweight?

Answer 4

7% are low birthweight (<2.5 Kg / 5.5 lbs)

Low birthweight can lead to various health issues.

Question 5

What are the main problems faced by preterm infants?

Answer 5

Respiratory distress, intracranial haemorrhage, chronic lung disease, enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity

These issues arise from immature systems in preterm infants.

Question 6

What is the neonatal period?

Answer 6

Birth to the first month of life

This is a critical time for monitoring a newborn’s health.

Question 7

What are the purposes of the first examination of a newborn?

Answer 7

Check for malformations, growth restriction, birth injuries, heart murmurs, congenital dislocation of hips

This examination is typically done within 24 hours of birth.

Question 8

What percentage of low birthweight infants are growth-restricted?

Answer 8

35%

The remaining 65% are preterm.

Question 9

What are the main categories of developmental milestones?

Answer 9

Gross motor skills, fine motor skills, language, cognitive, social

Each category has specific milestones that are expected at various ages.

Question 10

At what age does a child typically start to sit alone?

Answer 10

18 - 30 weeks

This milestone indicates increasing strength and balance.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The main causes of malformations in infancy are largely _______.

Answer 11

[unknown]

Causes include embryopathies, single gene disorders, environmental factors, and chromosomal abnormalities.

Question 12

What is the significance of the gross motor skill milestone of walking alone?

Answer 12

Indicates exploration and control of proximity to parents

This milestone typically occurs between 11 - 14 months.

Question 13

At what age do children typically begin to speak their first real word?

Answer 13

12 months

This marks the beginning of verbal communication.

Question 14

True or False: Cognitive development includes the understanding of object permanence.

Answer 14

True

Object permanence is a key concept in cognitive development.

Question 15

What are the areas of specific learning disorders (SLD)?

Answer 15

Speech and language, reading, writing, pervasive developmental disorders, learning difficulties

These areas can significantly impact educational outcomes.

Question 16

What is the formula for calculating IQ?

Answer 16

IQ = mental age / chronological age x 100

This formula helps to assess cognitive abilities relative to age.

Question 17

What is the average number of words a child can say by 18 months?

Answer 17

10 words (average)

This reflects the child’s growing vocabulary and language skills.

Question 18

What developmental milestone occurs around 36 months in terms of social skills?

Answer 18

Helps put things away; pretends in play

This shows early signs of social interaction and cooperation.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Nutritional deprivation can influence _______.

Answer 19

[learning]

Nutrition plays a crucial role in cognitive and physical development.