child and family communication Flashcards
describe communication
- essential in nurse - child/fam relationship
- secures trust in healthcare professional
- effective/positive communication = positive health outcome, positive parental satisfaction
- establish therapeutic relationship
- effective communication is learned: use listening, interpret different types of communication, be aware of things that can make it worse or better
describe infant communication
seen through behavior
attentive to human voice and presence
- touch, stroke, pat, rock, sing to
distress
- crying, facial quivering or scrunching, arms and legs thrashing or tense
contentment
- cooing, leg kicking, babbling, arm waving
describe speech with a 12-15 month old
know 3-4 words
describe speech with a 15-18 month old
10 words, can point to and name objects
describe speech with a 18-24 month old
short sentences with 3-4 words
describe toddler (1yr-3yr) communication
- egocentric, asserting independence
- interact at eye level, simple language, play with initially
describe speech with a 24-36 month old
90% of speech should be comprehensible
describe preschooler (3-5yrs) communication
- concrete, literal, short attention span
- magical thinking - inanimate objects may come alive
- interact at eye level, simple language, play with initially before assessment
- offer two simple choices
describe school age communication
- begin to be able to use logical thinking
- begin to understand viewpoints of others (empathy)
- large vocabulary: know technical names of body parts
- explain procedures in simple terms
- be honest!
- interact directly with child
- allow and encourage choices when appropriate
describe adolescent communication
- build rapport and trust
- cognitively can understand
- limited past experiences
- treat with respect
- provide straight-forward explanations
- encourage participation
- provide, and encourage choices
describe communicating with children with barriers to communication
- signs/gestures
- picture boards
- eye contact
- touch
- be receptive to child’s body language and nonverbal cues
describe communication with children with visual deficits
- identify yourself when entering the room and encourage others to do the same
- orient to objects in room so they know where shit is
- speak in calm, slow voice, do not shout
- explain before touching
- allow for child to handle equipment when appropriate
- let them know when you leave
- encourage parents to stay with them
describe communication with children with hearing deficits
- enter room slowly
- face the child when speaking
- assess degree of impairment and method of communication
- clarify roles with interpreter -> still face the child when speaking