Child abuse Flashcards
What are the 4 types of abuse?
- Physical
- Emotional
- Sexual
- Neglect
Injuries in what age children should prompt questioning?
Pre-mobile (<7months).
List 4 RF for abuse:
- Previous episode
- Abuse in sibling
- Single poorly supported parent
- Conflict between parents
- Alcohol and drug use in parent
List 4 DD for abuse:
- Accidental injury
- Osterogenesis imperfecta/rickets
- Coagulation disorders
- Mongolian blue spot
What is neglect?
Failure to meet a childs physical or psychological needs
Outline the management of child abuse:
(SMACK)
S- safety of the child is absolute priority
M- manage presenting medical problem appropriately
A - always discuss concerns with a senior paediatrician
C - contact social care
K - keep clear and contemporaneous notes
Under what law are health professionals held to perform child protection investigations?
Section 47 Investigation, Childrens Act 1989
If a child is under protection, what do they have?
Child protection plan
What is needed for the best out comes for those experiencing abuse? (Buzz words)
‘Effective multi-agency working’
What hereditary pattern is seen in Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Autosomal dominant. Mutation of gene coding for T1 collagen
What bones does Osteogenesis imperfecta tend to affect?
Long bone #
What is OI associated with?
- Blue sclerae
- Otosclerosis (conductive deafness)
- Aortic regurgitation
What x-ray finding are observed in OI?
- Osteopenia (pale weak bones)
- Multiple healed fractures
What is the pathophysiological name for Mongolian blue spots?
Dermal melanocytosis (cluster of melanocytes deep in dermis)
What ethnicity are Mongolian Blue spot typically seen in?
What age do they typically disappear by?
- Asian/Afro-caribbean
- 4 years of age
Where are Mongolian Blue spots normally found?
Base of spine/buttock
How is bruising different to Mongolian Blue spots?
- Poorly defined
- Multiple
- Same area
- Older child
What is Scalded Skin syndrome caused by?
(SSSS) Scalded skin Syndrome Staphylococcal infection of the skin
What is scalded skin syndrome?
Superficial staphylococcal infection of skin. Thin walled bullae that rapidly burst leaving moist erthematous base (looks like scald). Caused due to an exfoliating toxin damages intercellular glycoprotein responsible for epidermal cell adhesion (desmoglein 1)
Where does Scalded skin syndrome typically affect?
- Skin folds
- Axillae
