Child Abuse :(

Question 1

In what ways can a child be abused / neglected?

Answer 1

Through physical, psychological and environmental neglect (neighbourhood).

Question 2

What is considered as physical abuse?

Answer 2

Hitting (closed hand), beating (repeated hitting), shaking, burning, kicking. etc. ENOGUH

Question 3

What constitutes sexual abuse, by definition of NZ law?

Answer 3

Some form of penetration or coercion of masturbation where abuser was at least 5 years older

OR

Any interaction that the younger person reported as abusive before they were 18

Question 4

How high does NZ rank for the rate of child deaths (0 - 14 years old) due to child abuse?

Answer 4

NZ ranks as the 7th highest out of 26 OECD countries.

Question 5

Where does NZ stand amongst UNICEF countries for child wellbeing?

Answer 5

NZ ranks 35th out of 41.

Question 6

Why are Maori children over-represented in child abuse statistics?

Answer 6

Child abuse is rampant amongst poverty, and Maori people happen to face poverty more than other communities in NZ.

Question 7

Why are Maori children over-represented in child abuse statistics?

Answer 7

Child abuse is rampant amongst poverty, and Maori people happen to face poverty more than other communities in NZ.

Question 8

What is a child protection notification?

Answer 8

It protects children under 18 from family violence.

Question 9

In the US, how many percentage of children live with a parent who is a substance abuser? Compared to those whose parents are not substance abusers, how much more likely are they to be abused and neglected?

Answer 9

11%. They are 3x more likely to be abused, and 4x more likely to be neglected.

Question 10

According to Kaplan, how many percentage of women and men who have been abused end up beating their own children?

Answer 10

37% women, 54% men.

Question 11

The bigger the income gap, the stronger the relation between income inequality and maltreatment of children. Yes or no?

Answer 11

Yes.

Question 12

Physical & sexual abuse have been linked to an increase in all kinds of physical & mental health issues. True or false?

Answer 12

True. It has been linked to depression, PTSD, anti-social behaviour, anxiety, allergies, high blood pressure, asthma, liver problems and more.

Question 13

What is shaken baby syndrome?

Answer 13

It is when a baby sustains brain injuries when they are violently shaken. As it has weak neck muscles and a large heavy head, its brain bounces back and forth inside the skull, causing bruising, swelling and tissue damage. This may lead to permanent brain damage or death

Question 14

What are the physical symptoms of SBS?

Answer 14

brain & retinal bleeding, damaged spinal cord, ribs, bones or neck.

Question 15

What are the behavioural symptoms of SBS?

Answer 15

extreme irritability, lethargy, poor feeding & breathing, convulsions, vomitting, pale or bluish skin

Question 16

In March of 2005, what happened to Keran Henderson?

Answer 16

She was looking after 11-month old baby Maeve whom she had violently shaken, resulting in breathing difficulties. This resulted in 3 years’ prison sentence, charged with manslaughter.

Question 17

What is the prognosis (foreseeable future) of babies with Shaken Baby Syndrome?

Answer 17

They end up sustaining irreversible brain damage, and sometimes blindness. May often develop mental disabilities like cerebral palsy, but is only evident after 6 years of age.

Question 18

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (2001), is SBS normally accompanied by abuse?

Answer 18

Yes. 33 - 40% of cases have older brain injuries.

Question 19

What is the mortality rate of infants with SBS?

Answer 19

15 - 38%. median ranges between 20 to 25%

Question 20

How much does SBS contribute to child abuse deaths?

Answer 20

It accounts for up to half of them.

Question 21

How much does SBS permanently disable infants?

Answer 21

About 1/3 of cases, where they had learning disabilities, seizure disorders, speech problems, hydrocephalus (build-up of fluids in brain = pressure), behaviour problems, cerebral palsy and visual disorders.

Question 22

What are the direct costs of child abuse, and how much to they amount to in total? (New York)

Answer 22

The direct costs include medical hospitalisation bills, chronic health problems, mental health care, child protection, foster care / adoption and the judicial system. These amount to about 1 billion dollars.

Question 23

What are the INDIRECT costs of child abuse, and how much do they amount to in total? (New York)

Answer 23

Indirect costs include special education, juvenile deliquency, adult criminality, substance abuse, domestic violence and public assistance. These amount to about 1.35 billion dollars.

Question 24

What is the summary of expenditure of child abuse in New York?

Answer 24

104 million is spent on child abuse, which is $10 per affected American. However, $2424 million is required to cover the total costs.