child Flashcards
Placenta Drug Barrier
Non-existent. Fetus tends to have same blood level of drug as mother
Risks of psychoactive meds to fetus
(1)Teratogenic (structural damage) (2) Behavioral abnormalities (3) Neonatal toxicity from medication acquired during breast feeding
Risk of not treating maternal illness
(1) Poor compliance with prenatal care, poor nutrition, exposure to undesired drugs, increased intake of self medication, deficits in mother-infant bonding, disruptions in family environment
T/F Depression during pregnancy decreases risk of postpatrum depression
FALSE
Potential cause for heightened risk during first trimester of pregnancy
Using more than one anti-depressant
SSRI Discontinuation Syndrome (a) In what population (b) Symptoms (c) Potentail course of action to avoid it
(a) Present in offspring of mothers who used SSRI antidepressants during third trimester (b) irritability, constant crying, sleep distrubances, hyperactive reflexes, breathing and feeding difficulties (c) Mothers are recommended to take Prozac as soon as pregnancy is confirmed but stop during third trimester, instead using non-phramologic intervnections and/or OMEGA 3 FA
Untreated BP in Mom
Impulsivity, impaired judgement, drug abuse, manic episodes, interpersonal life disruptions
Risk of Lithium use
Cardiac malformations
Risk of Valproic Acid
HIGH. Only used if absolutely necessary. High impcat on cognitiion and congenital malformations
Risk of Topiramate
High risk of congenital malformations such as oral clefts
High Risk Mood Stabilizers
Lithium, Valproic, Topiramate
Low Risk Mood Stabilizers
Carabamazepine, Lamotrigine, Neurontin
Atypical antipsych treatment
Schizo. BP, PTSD, BPD
Risk of atypical antipsychs in pregnancy
Offspring can be large for gestational age, diabetes, jitteriness/irritability/feeding problems
Why child psychpharm is underdeveloped
Barely have first textbook written (2009)
Key risk analysis for pre-school aged children
Weighing risk of medication with risk of not-intervening
Challenge associated with ADHD in kids
ADHD symptoms vary across a lifespan… also comorbidity with anxiety/communication disorders varies
Usual treatment for ADHD in preschoolers
Ritilan–>Adderall–>Discontinue if nothing after 6 m.o.
Treatment for disruptive behaviors in preschoolers
No good meds. Often antipsychs used but recommended to use them in conjunction with psychotherapy which they never are
Treatment of depression in preschoolers
It is common [trauma, mother with depression]. Manifests if ways like looking sad when playing games, appetite loss, sleep problems..psychoterpahy recommended
Treatment of Anxiety in Preschool children
Therapy for 3 m.o. if no change then maybe use Prozac.
Common Anxiety disorders in children
PTSD [psych therapy suggested] and OCD [therapy recommended]
Autism v.s. Aspergers
Austism must be present before age 3…
Medical treatments for Autism
Aytpical antispychs (risperidone and abilify) can help
