Chief complaint DDXs Flashcards
1
Q
Sore throat
A
Strep Viral pharyngitis Diptheria Croup Tonsillitis *Retropharyngeal abscess *Epiglottis Pneumonia EBV *Aortic aneurysm
2
Q
cough
A
URI Pneumonia TB COPD Acute bronchitis *Lung cancer GERD Asthma(*severe asthma attack) CHF Medication s/e (ACE-i) CF *PE Influenza *AA
3
Q
headache
A
Migraine Tension HA Cluster HA Trauma/TBI TMJD Hangover Trigeminal neuralgia *SOL *Stroke Temporal arteritis *Meningitis
4
Q
hoarseness
A
Emphysema Asthma URI/common cold Bronchitis Allergies *Lung CA Laryngitis Strep throat GERD Bronchitis *AA *Epiglottitis *Retropharyngeal abscess
5
Q
congestion
A
URI/cold Sinusitis Allergic rhinitis Asthma *Cavernous sinus thrombosis (d/t untx sinusitis)
6
Q
red eye
A
Trauma Irritation from contacts Conjunctivitis *Orbital cellulitis Preseptal cellulitis *Corneal ulcer Herpetic eye dz Migraine Poorly controlled DM Eye strain Conjunctival hemorrhage Glaucoma *Acute closed-angle glaucoma Drugs -steroids, anticholinergics, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants
7
Q
vision change
vision loss
A
Glaucoma Hypertensive retinopathy Macular degeneration Pituitary adenoma Presbyopia Diabetic retinopathy Keratoconjunctivitis sicca *Orbital cellulitis Reactive arthritis Cataract *Acute closed-angle glaucoma
8
Q
rash
lesion
A
Psoriasis Contact (allergic/irrit.) dermatitis Eczema *Drug rxn Scabies Lice Measles Rubella (*preg. female) Roseola infantum Varicella zoster
9
Q
chest pain
A
*MI GERD Pneumonia Anxiety Palpitations *PE Asthma *AAA Pericarditis Endocarditis Musculoskeletal
10
Q
palpitations
A
Arrhythmia
Valve disease
Anxiety
Hyperthyroidism
11
Q
syncope
A
Orthostatic hypotension Seizure Vasovagal response TBI *MI *Stroke Eating d/o *PE
12
Q
dyspnea
SOB
A
Asthma *MI COPD *PE CHF Anxiety/panic attack
13
Q
abdominal pain
A
*Appendicitis
*Ectopic Pg
Ovarian cyst
*PID
*Pancreatic CA
Pancreatitis
PUD
Menstrual cramps
Diverticulitis
*Aortic dissection
Cholecystitis
Cholelithiasis
Choledocolithiasis
*Cholangitis
Hepatitis
Costochondritis
Fibromyalgia
IBS
IBD
Sprain/strain
GERD
Gastroenteritis
*Colorectal cancer
14
Q
constipation
A
Hypothyroidism SIBO IBS-C Low fiber diet *Colorectal CA
15
Q
diarrhea
A
Gastroenteritis IBS IBD Parasites Anxiety Candida albicans growth *Colorectal CA Gastritis Hypochlorhydria *Pancreatic CA PUD *Hemolytic uremic syndrome
16
Q
heartburn
A
GERD
*MI
Asthma
17
Q
rectal pain
itching
bleeding
A
Hemorrhoids Tinea *Colorectal CA IBD Proctalgia fugax
18
Q
penile discharge
A
Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphilis BPH *Prostate CA
19
Q
hematuria
A
Pyelonephritis
*Prostate CA
UTI
*Bladder CA
20
Q
urinary frequency
A
Diabetes insipidus Diabetes mellitus UTI Prostatitis BPH Pregnancy *PID Kidney Dz *Cauda equina syndrome *Pyelonephritis
21
Q
urinary incontinence
A
UTI Pregnancy Urogenital fistula Ectopic ureter Atrophic urethritis/vaginitis *Cauda equina syndrome
22
Q
amenorrhea
abnormal bleeding
A
PCOS Pregnancy Menopause Endometriosis *Ovarian CA *Endometrial CA
23
Q
vaginal discharge
itching
A
GCCT BV Trich Candidiasis PID HSV *PID
24
Q
breast lump
A
Trauma (e.g. MVA-seatbelt) Fibroadenoma *Breast CA Cyst Fibrocystic changes Galactocele
25
breast pain
```
Fibrocystic changes
PMS
PMDD
Drug side effects
Hormone replacement therapy
Mastitis
*MI
*Breast CA
*Asthma
Musculoskeletal
```
26
nipple discharge
Lactation
Galactorrhea
*Breast CA
Papilloma
27
extremity pain
```
OA
RA
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Lyme's disease
Lateral epicondylitis
*Septic arthritis
Gout
*Cellulitis
Trauma
Fibromyalgia
*DVT
Sprain/strain
Fracture
FOOSH
```
28
low back pain
```
Disc herniation
Pyelonephritis
Sprain/strain
Sciatica
Muscle tension
OA
RA
*Aortic dissection/AAA
*Pyelonephritis
*Cauda equina syndrome
Stenosis d/t osteophytes
Ankylosing spondylitis
```
29
dizziness (vestibular)
```
BPPV
Meniere dz
Vestibular neuritis
Labrynthitis
Cholesteatoma
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence
Perilymphatic fistula
```
30
dizziness (neurological)
```
Vestibular migraine
*Posterior fossa tumor (acoustic neuroma)
Multiple sclerosis
*Cerebellar stroke
Trauma
Vetebrobasilar insufficiency
Benign intrancranial HTN
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Chiari malformation Type 1
*Cervical artery dissection
```
31
dizziness (cardiac)
Syncope or presyncope
Orthostatic hypotension
POTS (Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome)
*PE
32
dizziness (psychological)
psychophysiological dizziness
| psychogenic dizziness
33
dizziness (metabolic)
DM
| Hypothyroidism
34
dizziness (AI)
```
SLE
RA
Cogan syndrome
Wegener granulomatosis
Behcet diseases
```
35
dizziness (toxin-related cause)
*CO poisoning
Alcohol
Drugs (aminoglycoside antibiotics, cisplatin d/t hearing loss & tinnitus; also antihypertensives, diuretics, anesthetics, anitarrhythmics)
36
dizziness (infectious)
```
Lyme dz
*Syphilis
*HIV
CMV
HSV-1
```
37
upper extremity mononeuropathy
```
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar neuropathy
Radial neuropathy
Cervical radiculopathy
Neurogenic TOS
Brachial neuritis
*Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
*Metastatic cancer/nerve sheath tumor
Amyloidosis
Peripheral n. vasculitis
Sarcoidosis
CMV
*HIV
Lymes disease
*Leprosy
```
38
lower extremity mononeuropathy
```
Lumbosacral radiculopathy
Peroneal neuropathy
Morton neuroma
Sciatic neuropathy
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tibial neuropathy
Femoral mononeuroathy
*HIV
Herpes zoster
HSV
EBV
CMV
Lyme dz
*Leprosy
Peripheral nerve vasculitis
Sarcoidosis
Sjogren syndrome
RA
*Lumbosacral plexopathy
*Lymphoma
Amyloidosis
*Paraneoplastic immune-mediated attacks
*Nerve sheath tumors
```
39
sleep disturbance
```
Anxiety
Panic disorder
Depression
Substance use disorder
PTSD
Hyperthyroidism
Sleep apnea
```
40
confusion
```
Alzheimer's dz
Parkinson's disease
Lewy body dementia
*Stroke
Transient ischemic attack
```
41
fatigue
```
Depression
AI dz
Anemia
Pregnancy
Fibromyalgia
CFS
CHF
*Cancer
*Addison Dz
```
42
fever
```
Otitis media
Lyme dz
*Pyelonephritis
URI
*Meningitis
*PID
Influenza/cold
*Appendicitis
*Mastoiditis
```
43
unintentional weight loss
```
Metabolic syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
PCOS
*CA
Eating disorder
Pregnancy
```
