Chicago

Question 1

When was Chicago founded

Answer 1

1833

Question 2

What was the average growth of population in Chicago by day

Answer 2

101 people per day

Question 3

When did Chicago reach a population of 1 million people

Answer 3

1890

Question 4

What events change the behaviour of people already living in Chicago (The 3 main events before 1900s)

Answer 4

The great Chicago fire
The First steel skyscraper
The end of slavery

Question 5

What was the ‘consequence’ of the great Chicago fire

Answer 5

The fire destroyed around 3.3 square miles of the city, resulting in the city being rebuilt

Question 6

The end of slavery affected Chicago in what way

Answer 6

Ex-Slaves who were poor moved into the slums of the city

Question 7

Why did so many immigrants come to live in Chicago

Answer 7

To prosper in a new country whilst living in a new urban environment

Question 8

When did the University of Chicago open?

Answer 8

1892

Question 9

What did the sociology department in Chicago explore?

Answer 9

The social ecology of people in Chicago

Question 10

What is social ecology

Answer 10

The study of how individuals interact with and respond to the environment around them (e.g: The slums)

Question 11

True or false: The school of sociology was developed in the same year as when the University opened

Answer 11

True

Question 12

When was the first book of sociology created

Answer 12

1921

Question 13

What did the first book of sociology focus on?

Answer 13

It was an introduction to sociology AND focused on social problems of the time

Question 14

Why did crime grow in Chicago post 1900’s

There are 5

Answer 14

1. The end of WW1
2. European immigrants
3. The changing social conditions in the city
4. Areas in the suburbs with large ethnic diversity
5. The ban of alcohol

Question 15

When was the ban on alcohol introduced

Answer 15

1919

Question 16

What was one of the main societal concerns around the 1920s

Answer 16

The prejudicial conflict of immigrants arriving into the city.

Question 17

What were the consequences of the significant amount of people migrating into Chicago during the 1920s (3 main events).

Answer 17

1. A surge in kkk resulting in lynchings
2. High Gang activity including the Mafia
3. Fundamentalist Christianity took off

Question 18

What were the main reasons for crime to occur in the city? (There are 3)

Answer 18

Rising tensions in the slums because of multiple ethnicities
Legal activities becoming illegal
Organised crime began to fill the demand for banned substances

Question 19

Why did the gangs surge in the 1920s?

Answer 19

They became the main runners of alcohol and other organised crime goods. Allowing them to thrive economically and socially

Question 20

What was a significant event that gangs were involved in

Answer 20

The St Valentines Day Massacre in 1929.

The Machine gunning of several Irish gangs stealing alcohol from Al Capone

Question 21

What were the important theories that came out of the Chicago school of sociology? (There are 5 not including Differential)

Answer 21

1. Social disorganisation theory
2. Routine Activities theory
3. Social learning theory
4. Social structure theory
5. Cultural transmission theory

Question 22

What is Social disorganisation theory

Answer 22

It is the study of social problems that relate to urbanisation, race relations, and crime.

Question 23

What is Routine Activities theory

Answer 23

The idea of rational choice and outweighing the cost with the benefits. If there is a: 
•A likely offender
•A suitable target
•The absence of a 
  capable guardian
Then a crime will occur

Question 24

How does Social Disorganization and Routine Activities theories relate

Answer 24

They relate to how specific places with high levels of crime differ from those with little crime
e.g Poor area in Chicago = large variety of ethnicities + The absence of a capable guardian = the 2 theories

Question 25

Who was the first creator of social learning theory

Answer 25

Aker

Question 26

What is social learning theory?

Answer 26

The idea that people’s places in the socioeconomic structure influence their chances of becoming a criminal.

Question 27

What is the main ideology behind Akers social learning theory?

Answer 27

The individual is the micro and is trying to compete with the macro (social structure and the environment)

Question 28

What is Cultural Transmission Theories

Answer 28

It focuses on the ideas that form values and beliefs that differ from conventional ideas

Question 29

What is interactionalism

Answer 29

How people relate to one another (Micro interaction)

Question 30

What is Micro sociology

Answer 30

The study of how individuals interact

Question 31

What is Macro sociology

Answer 31

The study of how the environment interacts

Question 32

Who was the creator of Interactionalism

Answer 32

Georg Simmel (Before Chicago)

Question 33

How does interactionalism relate to Chicago

Answer 33

Interactionalism was explored through the school of Chicago leading them to discover greater sociological theories

Question 34

What did Ernest Burgess identify with social disorganisation theory?

Answer 34

He identified that there was a transition zone, where people are mostly subjected to:

• Residential instability
• Racial heterogeneity
• Poverty

Question 35

Who Created the concentric zone model? What theory does it associate to?

Answer 35

Ernest Burgess

Social disorganisation theory