Chev.Agric Flashcards
What is the Chev.Agric reading about?
It is about something called GF2 (Growing Forward 2)
What is GF2?
A comprehensive federal-provincial-territorial framework for Canada’s agricultural sector
What are the 6 BRM programs?
- Agricultural Insurance
- Agricultural Stability
- Agricultural Investment
- Agricultural Recovery
- Advanced Payments Program
- Western Livestock Price Insurance Program
What is the most important of the 6 BRM programs discussed in this paper?
Agricultural (Production) Insurance
Describe the agricultural insurance program and its funding.
Protects against production loss
Producer-provincial-federal partnership
Describe the agricultural stability program and its funding.
Protects against margin decline (decrease in yield)
Producer-provincial-federal partnership
Describe the agricultural investment program and its funding.
Investment fund for small losses
Producer-provincial-federal partnership
Describe the agricultural recovery program and its funding.
Protects against disaster
Provincial-federal partnership
Describe the Advance Payments Program and its funding.
Provides low-interest loans for cash flow management
Federal funding
Describe the Western Livestock Price Insurance Program and its funding.
Protects against fluctuation in livestock prices
Producer-provincial-federal partnership
Define probable yield
Expected yield per unit of exposure for a given producer, agricultural product and crop year.
Briefly describe 4 adjustments to historical probable yields to estimate the current probable yield.
- Changes in farming or management practices
- Changes in insurance program design
- Changes in technology
- Weather pattern trends
Define balance-back factor.
Factor applied to aggregate premium to correct for individual discounts & surcharges.
Define risk-splitting benefits.
Indemnity based on a subset of production for a given agricultural product.
Define reinsurance load.
Account for reinsurance costs when the province purchases reinsurance.
Define uncertainty load.
a load in rates to account for limitations in data, assumptions, methods.
Define self-sustainability load.
A load in rates to recover deficits & maintain surplus.
Briefly describe the purpose of probable yield tests.
To ensure there is no over-insurance.
Briefly explain the need for both an uncertainty margin and the self-sustainability load in pricing yield-based plans.
Both are necessary to ensure the program is self‐sustainable.
Uncertainty covers future contingencies.
Self-sustainability recovers past deficit.
What is the content of an Actuarial Certification? (3)
The Actuarial Certification should provide an opinion on:
|1] METHOD for calculating probable yield (for deriving exposure for yield-based plans)
|2] METHOD for pricing
|3] SELF-SUSTAINABILITY of program
Why is the Actuarial Certification required?
For federal funding
How often is the Actuarial Certification required?
Frequency is determined using a risk-based approach.
At least every 5 yrs
Identify 2 causes that trigger the requirement of a new Actuarial Certification.
- Significant changes in program design or methods
- New crops
Identify 4 key elements of the Canadian Agri-Insurance Regulation.
- The maximum coverage is 90% of the probable yield.
- Minimum of 10% deductible
- Rates must be actuarially sound.
- Must include actuarial certifications set by AAFC.
What are the 2 different types of Agri-Insurance plans?
- Yield-based: can be individual or collective
2: Non-yield-based: examples are weather derivative, acre-based, mortality for livestock
What is a yield-based plan?
A plan where the indemnity payment is based on the actual yield versus the insured yield.