Chest Wall Flashcards
The thorax extends from where to where
top of the sternum to the diaphragm
The thorax is bounded by what?
the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae
How many pairs of ribs are there that articulate with the thoracic vertebrae?
12 pairs
A rib consists of ___________________
head, neck, tubercle and body
Where is costotranverse joint?
Where the tubercle articulates with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
Where is costovertebral joint?
Where the head articulates with the body of adjacent thoracic vertebrae and the intervertebral disc
True ribs
vertebrosternal; ribs 1 to 7, which articulate individually by their costal cartilages
False ribs
vertebrochondral; ribs 8 to 12. Ribs 8 to 10 articulate with more superior costal cartilage and form teh anterior costal margin. Ribs 11 and 12 articulate with vertebral bodies but dont articulate with the sternum
What is the most important muscle of inspiration?
diaphragm
List muscles that play a role in inspiration during exercise or lung disease
sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis Major and Minor, and Scalene muscles
List abdominal muscles that play a role in expiration during exericse, lung disease, or the Valsalva maneuver
External and internal oblique, tranverse abdominal, and rectus abdominis muscles.
Fibroadenoma
a benign proliferation of connective tissue such that the mammary glands are compressed into cords of epithelilum.
Infratrating duct carcinoma
a malignant proliferation of duct epithelium where the tumor cells are arranged in cell nests, cords, anatomosing masses, or a mixture of there. It is the most common type of breast cancer.
