Chest Radiology Slides Flashcards
What imaging views are shown here?
left: posterior-anterior (PA) view
right: lateral view
- ascending aorta
- Right Atrium
- aortic arch
- aortopulmonary window
- left ventricle
Atelectasis
an entire lobe of the lung has lost its air, causing all alveoli it that lobe to collapse
- *- Sail sign
- Less alveolar surface =**
Hypoxia, Decreased Lung Volume, normal CO2
Atelectasis
When lungs lose volume, other structures move in, in this case, the left diaphragm
Localized, round opacity
tumor + enlarged lymph nodes
PULMONARY EDEMA
Interstitial fluid thickens the spaces between the alveoli and causes their collapse. Typical batwings (or butterfly) shape
What is wrong in this image?
COPD
- The lung fields are stretched and compress the mediastinum; the diaphragm is pushed down
- Many alveolar sacs have ruptured and formed blebs, which do not contribute in the air exchange
- less alveolar surface = carbon dioxide exchange is reduced and patients retain CO2
Emphysema, asthma, chronic bronchitis + GERD
COPD plus pneumonia
Constant production of mucus and irritation of the airways can result in obstruction and infection
What is wrong?
pneumothorax
(Air in the pleural space)
Tension Pneumothorax
- The free air around the lungs occupies space and compresses the mediastinum.
- This impedes venous return to the heart
THIS IS AN EMERGENCY!!!!!
What’s wrong with this?
Rib Fractures with pulmonary contusion
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Trauma
- aspiration pneumonia
- sepsis
initiate an acute process of lung destruction
(here you see it as Patchy Infiltrates)
Empyema
Pus within the pleural space outside lung
Pulmonary abscess
Pus within the lung parenchyma inside lung
Pericardial Effusion
Fluid around the heart, but inside the pericardium
What does this show (or not show..)?
Pulmonary Embolism
- Blood clot in vessels of lung
(Hampton’s hump = part of lung is devoid of air; it collapses)
What is shown in this CT Angiography (CTA) ?
Pulmonary Embolism
