Chest pain and acute choronary syndrome Flashcards
1
Q
How does pericarditis present?
A
- Sharp pain, localised to the front of the chest
- Aggravated with inspiration, cough, lying flat
- Pericardial rub may be heard on ausculation
2
Q
Stable angina typical patient history
A
- Dull retrosternal pain
- Triggered by exertion
- Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) dilates blood vessels
3
Q
Stable angina treatments
A
- Aspirin
- Beta blocker
- ACE inhibitors
- GTN
- Statin
4
Q
CABG
A
Coronary artery bypass surgery, saphenous vein
5
Q
MI patient history
A
- Chest discomfort, often pressure
- Dyspnoea, sweating, nausea
- Can be painless in diabetics
6
Q
Troponin release in cardiac conditions
A
- Acute coronary occlusion or severe stenosis
- Myocarditis
- Acute heart failure
- Prolonged tachycardia
- Cardiac amyloidosis
7
Q
Troponin release in non cardiac conditions
A
- Acute pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Systemic illness e.g. shock
- Seizures
- Kidney failure
8
Q
Definitions for MI (5)
A
- Spontaneous MI
- MI secondary to ischaemic imbalance (condition other than coronary artery disease)
- MI resulting in death before biomarkers are obtained
- MI due to coronary intervention or stent thrombosis
- MI related to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
9
Q
Unstable angina treatment
A
- Pharmocological (?)
- PCI or CABG
10
Q
MI treatment
A
- Oxygen
- Pain relief
- GTN sublingually
- Aspirin
- Second antiplatelet
- Reperfusion
