Chest Assessment

Question 0

Hyper-resonance

Answer 0

• Heard over hyper-inflated lungs

- Boom like sound, low pitched, very loud intensity, long duration

Question 1

Resonance

Answer 1

• Heard over normal lungs

- Hollow sound, loud intensity, low pitch of long duration

Question 2

Tympany

Answer 2

• Heard over gas-filled organs such as gut

- Drum like, high pitch sound of medium duration

Question 3

Flatness

Answer 3

• Heard over bone, muscle, atelectasis

- Dull sound, high pitch, soft sound of short duration

Question 4

Dullness

Answer 4

• Heard over organs such as liver, heart

- Thud like sound, medium pitch of medium duration

Question 5

Tracheal

Answer 5

• Normally heard over trachea—midline above sternum

- Hollow, tubular sound; loud, harsh & high pitched

Question 6

Bronchial

Answer 6

-Normally heard over bronchi—anterior chest, 3rd ICS & posterior chest, T3 lateral to vertebrae
-High pitched, loud & hollow

Question 7

Bronchovesicular

Answer 7

• Normally heard over large airways—anterior chest 3rd-4th ICS, medial to MCL; posterior chest—not normally heard
• Blowing sound of moderate intensity, medium pitch
• Created by air moving through bronchi

Question 8

Vesicular

Answer 8

• Normally heard over most of the peripheral lung fields & bases
• Breezy, soft, windy, low pitched

Question 9

Crackles (rales)

Answer 9

• Over all lung fields & bases

- Light crackling, bubbling, nonmusical

Question 10

Fine Crackles

Answer 10

-Short duration, high pitched (atelectasis, early heart failure or pulmonary edema)

Question 11

Coarse Crackles

Answer 11

-Longer duration, low pitched at sound; more bubbling sound than fine crackles (heart failure, pulmonary edema, pneumonia—severe)

Question 12

Rhonchi (gurgles)

Answer 12

• Over large airways

- Coarse rattling, rumbling, snoring sounds, lower pitch than crackles

Question 13

Wheezes

Answer 13

• Over lung fields and airways

- Whistling, high pitched, musical

Question 14

Pleural Friction Rub

Answer 14

• Front & side of lung fields

- Grating, creaking, squeaking

Question 15

Stridor

Answer 15

• Partial obstruction of large airways

- Crowing, snoring, continuous

Question 16

Absent

Answer 16

No breath sounds –> air not moving

Question 17

Diminished

Answer 17

Faint, barely audible lung sounds

Question 18

Components of Chest Assessment

Answer 18

IPPA:
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation

Question 19

Percussion Sounds

Answer 19

Resonance
Hyper-Resonance
Tympany
Flatness
Dullness

Question 20

Normal Breath Sounds

Answer 20

Tracheal
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

Question 21

Adventitious Breath Sounds

Answer 21

Abnormal Breath Sounds:
Crackles
Rhonchi
Wheezes
Pleural Friction Rub
Stridor
Absent
Diminished