Chest 2 Flashcards
Divides body into right and left
Sagittal plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior
Coronal plane
When should an exposure be made in relation to patient inspiration?
At the end of the second deep inspiration
Where should the CR be centred for a PA chest?
T7
What is the correct distance for CR centering from the vertebral prominence for the average male?
8 inches
What is the correct CR centring from the vertebral prominence for the average female?
7 inches
What is the proper collimation for a PA Chest?
1 1/2 inch above vertebral prominence
1-2 inches below costopherenic angles
T/F
A chest xray without costopherenic angles is repeatable
True
What would cause foreshortening of the chest?
Tilting
In a proper PA chest, where is the Manubrium positioned?
T4
In a properly positioned PA chest, how much of the apices are visible?
Approx. 1 inch
If the superior midcoronal plane is tilted posteriorly, where will the clavicles be projected?
Superior, less than 1 inch of the apicies are demonstrated
(Lungs and heart are foreshortened)
Manubrium moves superiorly
Where will the clavicles be projected if the superior midcoronal plane is tilted anteriorly?
More than 1 inch of the apicies are demonstrated above the clavicles
(Heart and lungs are foreshortened)
Manubrium is projected inferiorly
How do you know if the positioning mistake is insufficient shoulder depression, or midcoronal plane tilting?
With insufficient shoulder depression, manubrium is at the level of the 4th vertebrae still
The sternal clavicular end that demonstrates the least vertebral column superimposition, and the side of the chest with the greatest posterior rib length
Side of the chest positioned furthest from the IR
What is the approximate distance from the jugular notch to T7?
Approx. 3”
For an AP chest, how many posterior ribs are visualized above the diaphragm? Why?
At least 9 posterior ribs
Abdominal organs do not allow diaphragm to move down all the way
T/F
The heart will appear larger on an AP chest compared to a PA
True
On an AP chest, what causes the Manubrium to be projected inferior to T4 and more than one inch of the apicies are superior to the clavicles?
CR angled to caudally
(Heart and lungs will also elongate heart and lung structures)
On an AP chest, what causes the Manubrium to be projected superior to T4, and less than one inch of the apicies to be demonstrated superior to the clavicles
CR angled too cephalically
(Heart and lungs will be foreshortened)
What can be done to better aligned a person with kyphosis to the IR?
-use a 5-10 degree cephalic angle
OR
-lean the patients shoulders and upper thoracic vertebrae back to place the midcoronal plane parallel with the IR
* the chest will demonstrate foreshortening with these methods
Why is a lateral always done with the left side closer to the IR?
To reduce heart magnification
T/F
Midcoronal plane is perpendicular to IR in a lateral position
Ture
T/F
Lateral chest projections are not done with a portable
True
