Chest 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 divisions of chest anatomy?
-bony thorax
-respiratory system
-mediastinum
Protective framework
Bony thorax
Lungs and airway
Respiratory system
Space between lungs
Mediastinum
What vertebral level is the vertebra prominence?
C7
(Seen at T1 on AP/PA)
What vertebral level is the jugular notch?
T2-3
What vertebral level is the xiphoid tip?
T9-10
What are the 4 divisions of the respiratory system?
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Why is it easier for foreign bodies to enter the right bronchus?
It is shorter and wider
Also more vertical
(This is important for pediatric imaging)
Superior portion of the lungs
Apex
Inferior portion of the lungs
Base
What part of the lungs rests on the diaphragm?
Base
(Power in the back and sides than in front)
Where are the costopherenic angles located
Sides of the lungs
What is the medial border of the lungs?
Hilum
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
The ratio of the diameter of the heart at its widest point to the maximum width of the thoracic cavity, assessed by examining a chest xray
CTR- cardiac thoracic ratio
(The normal ratio is less than 1:2)
Why is it best to perform an erect chest xray?
Allows diaphragm to move down further, demonstrates air-fluid levels, prevents engorgement of pulmonary vessels - related to size of hilum
Why is the recommended SID for a chest at least 72”?
To minimize magnification of the heart and increase recorded detail
Why is a high kV used for a chest xray?
For low contrast, to increase gray scale contrast
Vasculature
Lung markings
What is the preferred grid for a chest xray, why?
12:1
To reduce the scatter created by the high kV
What AEC cells are selected for a PA projection?
Left and right
What AEC cell is used for a lateral chest?
Center
Why is a short exposure time required for a chest xray?
To reduce motion (heart beat)
How many ribs should be seen above the diaphragm in a PA chest?
10
How many thoracic vertebrae should be seen above the diaphragm in a lateral chest?
11 thoracic vertebrae
As a general rule, in chest radiography, what kV and up requires the use of a grid?
Greater than 100kv
If only one AEC cell can be chosen, which on would it be for a PA chest
Right
Because heart is on the left
What 3 dimensions increase during inspiration?
Vertical
Transverse
AP dimension
