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RADT 152 Radiographic Procedures > Chest > Flashcards

Chest Flashcards

1
Q

Thoracic cavity extends from the ____ to the _____

A

Superior thoracic aperture; inferior thoracic aperture

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2
Q

____ separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

A

Diaphragm

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3
Q

Organs contained in the thoracic cavity

A

Cardiovascular, respiratory, lymphatic organs, esophagus, thymus gland

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4
Q

Three separate chambers of the thoracic cavity

A

Pericardial, right and left pleural cavities

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5
Q

___ separates pleural cavities

A

Mediastinum

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6
Q

Respiratory system consists of

A

Pharynx, trachea, bronchi, two lungs

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7
Q

Characteristics of trachea

A

Fibrous, muscular tube with 16-20 C-shaped cartilaginous rings in its walls for strength

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8
Q

Carina

A

A hooklike process on the last cartilage of the trachea

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9
Q

Right primary bronchus is ___ when compared to the left

A

Shorter, wider, and more vertical

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10
Q

Position and size make it easier for foreign bodies to enter the ___ bronchus

A

right

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11
Q

Subdivisions of the bronchial tree

A

Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

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12
Q

Terminal bronchioles communicate with the

A

Alveolar ducts

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13
Q

Alveolar ducts end in

A

Alveolar sacs

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14
Q

Walls of alveolar sacs are lined with

A

Alveoli

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15
Q

Function of the alveoli

A

Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide by diffusion

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16
Q

Superior portion of the lungs

A

Apex, reaches above clavicles

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17
Q

Inferior portion of the lungs

A

Base, rests obliquely on diaphragm

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18
Q

Medial border of the lungs

A

Hilum

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19
Q

Sides of the lungs

A

Costophrenic angles

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20
Q

Lungs move ___ during inspiration and ___ during expiration

A

Inferiorly; superiorly

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21
Q

Pleura

A

Double-walled serous membrane sac that encloses the lungs

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22
Q

Right lung has ___ lobes

A

Three

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23
Q

Left lung has ___ lobes

A

Two

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24
Q

Anatomy of the neck anterior portion

A

Thyroid, parathyroid glands, submandibular glands

25
Q

Anatomy of the thyroid gland

A

Two lateral lobes, 2 inches long, connected at the lower thirds by a narrow median portion called the isthmus

26
Q

Location of the isthmus

A

In front of the upper part of the trachea

27
Q

Function of the pharynx

A

Passage for air and food

28
Q

Location of the pharynx

A

In front of the vertebrae and being the nose, mouth, and larynx

29
Q

Oropharynx

A

Extends from the soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone

30
Q

Function of the epiglottis

A

Serves as a trap to prevent leakage into the larynx between acts of swallowing

31
Q

Structures associated with the mediastinum

A

Heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymphatics, nerves, fibrous tissue, fat

32
Q

Aspirated foreign objects are more likely to lodge in the

A

Right primary bronchus

33
Q

Level of the trachea bifurcation is the

A

Diaphragm

34
Q

Soft tissue neck structures shown in radiographic imaging

A

Anterior neck, foreign bodies, swelling, masses, fractures of the larynx and hyoid bone

35
Q

AP soft tissue neck

A

MSP centered perpendicular midline of grid, patients shoulders lie in the same transverse plane

36
Q

horizontal marker for PA chest centering

A

T7 or base of the scapula

37
Q

Level of the trachea bifurcation

A

Carina

38
Q

SID for soft neck tissue AP

A

40”

39
Q

SID for soft neck tissue lateral

A

72”

40
Q

Reason why chest X-rays are 72” SID

A

reduce the magnification of the heart

41
Q

PA chest showing ___ shows good penetration

A

spine behind the mediastinum

42
Q

Lateral chest showing ____ shows good penetration

A

joint spaces between vertebrae

43
Q

for RAO and LAO, area of interest is

A

generally the side farther from the IR

44
Q

for RPO and LPO, area of interest is

A

generally the side closest to the IR

45
Q

degree of angulation for oblique cardiac series

A

55-60 degree angle

46
Q

which position shows trachea bifurcation (carina)

A

LAO

47
Q

position for best view of right atrium

A

RAO

48
Q

Positions routinely used for cardiac studies with barium

A

RAO and LAO

49
Q

Right lung best demonstrated on (ventral)

A

LAO

50
Q

Left lung best demonstrated on (ventral)

A

RAO

51
Q

Right lung best demonstrated on (dorsal)

A

RAO

52
Q

Left lung best demonstrated on (dorsal)

A

LAO

53
Q

when are RPO and LPO positions used

A

when the patient is too ill to be turned to the prone position

54
Q

AP oblique projections

A

RPO and LPO

55
Q

upper border of the IR and light field for AP oblique

A

1.5-2” above vertebral prominens, or 5 inches above the jugular notch

56
Q

AP oblique projection lung markings

A

pulmonary vascular markings from the hilar regions to the periphery of the lung

57
Q

height of IR during Lordotic position

A

3 inches above upper border of the shoulders

58
Q

position of thorax during lordotic

A

15 to 20 degrees from the vertical and midsagittal plane centered to the midline of the grid

RADT 152 Radiographic Procedures (4 decks)

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