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Chemotherapy (Sweatman) Flashcards

1
Q

2 Main Drugs used for AML? Third?

A

Cytarabine (ARA-C), Daunorubicin, Thioguanine (6-TG)

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2
Q

3 drugs approved for Hairy Cell Leukemia

A

Cladribine, Pentostatin, IFN-A2

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3
Q

3 most common CLL treatments involve

A

Fludarabine

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4
Q

5 drugs associated with male teratogenicity

A

Cyclo, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, IFN-A2, MTX

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5
Q

ABVD regimen

A

Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarabzine

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6
Q

Adverse effect of Arsenic Trioxide

A

Same RA Syndrome effects + CV effects

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7
Q

Adverse effects of Cladribine, Pentostatin

A

Potential increased secondary malignancy

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8
Q

Adverse effects of Pegaspargase

A

Bleeding, Glucose Intolerance

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9
Q

Class X chemo drug

A

Methotrexate

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10
Q

CNS prophylaxis therapy for ALL

A

IT MTX +/- systemic MTX

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11
Q

Consolidation therapy for ALL

A

MTX + Mercaptopurine

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12
Q

Consolidation therapy for ALL often involves

A

RT and 1 or 2 completely diff antimetabolites

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13
Q

Delayed NHL tx effects

A

(1) Sterility; (2) 2nd Maligs; (3) LV dysfunction; (4) MDS and AML

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14
Q

Direct antiproliferative effects of IFN

A

Prolong all phases of cell cycle; Induce cellular differentiation

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15
Q

Downside of Arsenic Trioxide vs Tretinoin

A

Black box warning of CV adverse effects

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16
Q

Drugs for Burkitt

A

Cyclophosphamide + MTX; Vincristine + Doxorubicin

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17
Q

Drugs susceptible to P-glycoprotein efflux

A

Anthracyclines, MTX, Vinblastine, Oral TKI’s

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18
Q

First line CLL treatment

A

Fludarabine + Cyclophosphamide and/or Rituximab

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19
Q

General MOA of Cladribine

A

Purine analog

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20
Q

How long does functional spermatogonia take?

A

64 days (paternal teratogenicity window)

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21
Q

How to consolidate remission in Hodgkin

A

High-dose therapy and peripheral blood cell progenitor resuce

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22
Q

How to treat AIHA

A

Corticosteroids

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23
Q

How to treat Hyperuricemia in CLL

A

Prophylaxis with Allopurinol

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24
Q

Indirect antiproliferative effects of IFN

A

Active CTLs and/or NK; Increase phagocytotic killing; Cytokines, inflammatory response

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25
Major dose-limiting tox of alkylators, like cyclophosphamide
Myelosuppression
26
Metabolism of Tretinoin
Hepatic
27
MOA of ARA-C (Cytarabine)
Pyrimidine analog antimetabolite; Inhibits DNA polymerase
28
MOA of Arsenic Trioxide (trisenox)
Degrades PML-RARA fusion protein
29
MOA of Asparaginase (Oncaspar)
Degrades Asparagine --> Starving protein synthesis
30
MOA of Bendamustine
Both an antimetabolite and alkylating agent; DNA crosslinking --> Breakage --> Activates p53 apoptosis
31
MOA of Cyclophosphamide
Alkylating agent
32
MOA of Dacarbazine
DNA methylator
33
MOA of Daunorubicin
Free radical generator, intercalator, topo2 inhibitor
34
MOA of Fludarabine
Antimetabolite; DNA strand termination
35
MOA of Ibritumomab (Zevalin)
Radio-labeled anti-CD20
36
MOA of Idarubicin
DNA interacalation, Topo 2 inh, Free radical gen
37
MOA of Interferon
Direct antiproliferative effect + Immunomodulator
38
MOA of Pentostatin
Purine analog; ADA inhibitor --> Apoptosis
39
MOA of Thioguanine (6-TG)
Purine analog antimetabolite
40
MOA of Tositumomab (Bexxar)
Radio-labeled anti-CD20
41
MOA of Tretinoin
Disrupts fusion gene --> Differentiation
42
MOA of Vincristine
Inh mitotic spindle
43
Most Hodgkin Lymphoma regimens contain
(1) Anthracycline; (2) Mitotic spindline inh; (3) Alkylating agent or Bleomycin (a carbazine)
44
Non-TKI drugs for CML
Cytarabine, IFN-a2
45
Only successful curative tx of CML
Allogeneic BM/stem cell transplant
46
Post-Remission Therapy for AML
Intense Cytarabine-based chemo; BM rescue
47
Remission induction therapy for ALL
Prednisone + Vincristine + Anthracycline +/- Asparaginase
48
Resistance to Pegaspargase
Upregulate Asparagine Synthetase
49
Result of Rituximab binding to CD20 on b cells
Complement and ab-dependent cytotoxicity
50
Retinoic Acid Syndrome
Fever, dyspnea, weight gain, pulmonary infiltrates, effusions
51
Route for Burkitt chemo
Intrathecal (protect brain)
52
Route of Tretinoin
Oral
53
TKI's for CML
Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib
54
Toxicity of 6-TG (Thioguanine)
Myelosuppression
55
Toxicity of AML tx regimen
Myelosuppression, Cardiotoxicity
56
Toxicity of ARA-C
Myelosuppression, Opp infection
57
Toxicity of Dacarabazine
Myelosuppression, Hepatotoxicity, 2nd malig
58
Toxicity of Daunorubicin
Myelosuppression, Cardiotoxicity
59
Toxicity of Pentostatin
Hepato, Pul Edema, Renal, Seizure
60
Toxicity of Tositumomab, Ibritumomab
Hematologic: Thrombo-, Neutro-cytopenia, Anemia
61
Toxicity of Tretinoin
RA Syndrome; Teratogen
62
Treatment complications of CLL
(1) Opp infections; (2) AIHA and/or thrombocytopenia; (3) Hyperuricemia
63
Tx for High Stage NHL
R-CHOP: Rituximab + Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Prednisone
64
Tx for Low Stage NHL
COMP: Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, MTX + Prednisone
65
Tx of APML
ATRA, combined with Daunorubicin or Idarubicin +/- cytarabine
66
What is ABVD regiment used for
Hodgkin lymphoma
67
What is Bendamustine used to treat
CLL
68
What is used in APML pts who can't tolerate an anthracycline
Arsenic Trioxide
69
What is worsened by Fludarabine in CLL
AIHA, Thrombocytopenia
70
When and by what are endogenous interferons secreted
By leukocytes in response to viral infection or various inducers
71
When to use COMP
Low Stage NHL
72
Which are more common: leukemias or lymphomas?
Lymphomas (unclear increasing incidence)
73
Why use Rituximab for High Stage B cell NHL
DLBCL and Burkitt both express high levels of CD20

Hematology Week 2 (3 decks)

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