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Oncology Nutrition > Chemotherapy Medications > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Medications Flashcards

1
Q 
Alkylating Agents
(mechanism of action)
A

Interferes with DNA bases causing breaks in DNA helix strands, thus preventing DNA replication and transcription of RNA

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2
Q

Cell Cycle non-specific drugs

A

damages cells in all phases of the cell cycle. Alkylating agents, antitumor antibiotics, hormone therapies, and nitrosoureas

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3
Q

Cell Cycle specific drugs

A

exert their effects within a specific phase of the cell cycle (when cells are dividing). Antimetabolites and camptothecins, plant alkaloids and taxanes

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4
Q

Carboplatin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating agent
Paraplatin
IV
Indication: bladder, endometrial, germ cell, HNC, lung, and ovarian
SE- myelosuppression, N, V, renal toxicity, alopecia, peripheral neuropathy

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5
Q

Cisplatin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating Agent
Platinol (CDDP)
IV
Indication: bladder, cervical, esophageal, HNC, lung, NHL, ovarian, prostate, testicular
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, metallic taste, SIADH, renal toxicity, hypomagnesemia, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy

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6
Q

Cyclophosphamide

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating Agent
Cytoxan, CTX
IV, PO, IP
Indication: breast, ovarian, CLL, NHL, HD, MM, mycosis fungoids, neuroblastoma, sarcomas, Wilm’s tumors
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, bladder toxicity, cardiac toxicity, SIADH, alopecia

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7
Q

Ifosfamide

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating Agent
Ifex
IV
Indication: Bladder, cervical, germ cell, HNC, lung, HD, NHL, sarcomas
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, anorexia, bladder toxicity, SIADH, lethargy, alopecia

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8
Q

Oxaliplatin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating Agent
Eloxatin
IV
Indication: colorectal, pancreatic, gastroesophageal
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, neurotoxicity, hepatic toxicity

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9
Q

Antimetabolites mechanism, of action

A

Interferes with DNA synthesis by acting as false metabolites. They are incorporated into the DNA strand or they block essential enzymes

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10
Q

Fluorouracil

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antimetabolites
5-FU
IV, topical
Indication: breast, colorectal, GI, HNC, pancreatic, ovarian, hepatoma
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, mucositis, hand and foot syndrome, cardiac toxicity

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11
Q

Gemcitabine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antimetabolites
Gemzar
IV
Indication: bladder, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, lung, NHL, sarcoma
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, pulmonary toxicity, flu-like symptoms

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12
Q

Methotrexate

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antimetabolites
MTX
IM, IV, IT, PO
Indication: bladder, breast, HNC, NHL, CNS lymphoma, ALL, sarcoma
SE_: Myelosuppression, N, mucositis, oral and GI ulcerations, renal toxicity

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13
Q

Pemetrexed

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolites
Alimta
IV
Indication: mesothelioma, lung
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, fatigue
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14
Q

Antitumor antibiotics and anthracyclines mechanism of action

A

Inhibits cell division by binding to DNA and interfering with RNA synthesis

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15
Q

Mitomycin-C

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antitumor antibiotic
Mutamycin
IV
Indication: anal, bladder, breast, esophagus, HN, lung pancreas, and stomach
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, mucositis, D, anorexia, pulmonary toxicity, renal toxicity, fatigue, alopecia

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16
Q

Doxorubicin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antitumor antibiotics anthracyclines
IV
Indication: breast, liver, lung, ovarian, prostate, NHL, HD, MM, AML, squamous cell of HNC
SE: myelosuppression, N, V, D, mucositis, anorexia, hand and foot syndrome, cardio toxicity

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17
Q

Epipodophyllotoxins mechanisms of action

A

Damages the cell prior to mitosis, late S and G2 phases. Inhibits topoisomerase II

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18
Q

Etoposide

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Epipodophyllotoxins
Vepesid, VP-16
IV
Indications: small cell and non-small cell lung, HD, NHL, gastric, germ cell
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, mucositis, anorexia, metallic taste, alopecia

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19
Q

Taxanes mechanism of action

A

Activate in the mitosis phase of the cell cycle, Anti-microtubule agent, which leads to inhibition of mitosis and cell division

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20
Q

Paclitaxel

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Taxanes
Taxol
IV
Indication: bladder, breast, esophageal, HNC, ovarian, pancreatic, lung
SE: Myelosuppression, D, mucositis, sensory neuropathy, alopecia

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21
Q

Docetaxel

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Taxanes
Taxotere
IV
Indication: Breast, gastric, HNC, ovarian, prostate, lung
SE: Myelosuppression, mucositis, D, neurotoxicity, fluid retention, skin and nail changes,

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22
Q

Vinca Alkaloids mechanism of action

A

Binds to protein tubulin and disrupts mitotic spindle formation and prevents cell division in the mitosis phase

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23
Q

Vincristine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Vinca alkaloid
Oncovin
IV
Indication: ALL, AML, CML, HD, NHL, MM, small cell lung, neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, brain and thyroid
SE: Myelsoupression, constipation, SIADH
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24
Q

Chemos that interact with St. John’s Wart (15)

A 
Axitinib/Inlyta
Bortezomib/Velcade
Dasatinib/Sprycel
Erlotinib/Traceva
Everillmus/Afinitor
Exemestane/Aromsmasin
Imatinib mesylate/Gleevec
Lapatinib/Tykerb
Nilotnib/Tasigna
Sorafenib/Nexavar
Sunitinib/Sutent
Tamoxifen/Nolvadex
Vinblastine/Velban
Vincristine/Oncovin
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25
Q

Chemos that require V B6 supp to reduce hand-foot syndrome (3)

A

Supplementation: 50-100 mg BID or TID
Capecitabine/Xeloda
Fluorouracil/Adrucil
Oxaliplatin/Eloxatin

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26
Q

Drugs that contain Lactose (2)

A

Deferasiox/Exjade

Nilotinib/Tasigna

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27
Q

Drugs that alter lab values (5)

A

Cetuximab/Erbitux (Ca, Mg)
Cisplatin/Plantinol (Ca, Na, K, Mg)
Panitumumab/Vectibix (Mg)
Streptozocin/zanosar (glucose/hypoglycemia)
Temsirolimus/Torisel (glucose/hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia)

28
Q

What chemo must avoid folic acid and alcohol

A

Methotrexate/Folex/Rheumatrex

29
Q

What supplements are needed prior to and during treatment with Pemetrexed/Alimta

A 
Folic acid (350-1000 mcg) PO beginning 1 week before 1st tx, daily throughout and post tx
V  B12 (1000 mcg) IM injections q 3 cycles
30
Q

Procarbazine hydrochloride/Matulane food interaction

A

Avoid tyramine-containing foods and caffeine while taking and two weeks after

31
Q

Supplementation when taking Zoledronic acid/Zometa

A

PO 500 mg Ca and 400 IU VD Daily

32
Q

Bendamustine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating agent
Treanda
IV
IN: B-cell, NHL, CLL, Mantel Cell Leukemia
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, fatigue, hypersensitivity to infusion

33
Q

Busulfan

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating agent
Myleran (PO); Busulfex (IV)
IN: CML. HCT preparation
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, mucositis, cough, dyspnea

34
Q

Carmustine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Alkylating Agent
BCNU
IV
IN: Brain cancer, HD, NHL, MM, glioblastoma
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V, hepatic toxicity, renal toxicity, pulmonary toxicity

35
Q

Chlorambucil

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
AA
Leukeran
PO
IN: CLL, HD, NHL
SE: Myelosuppression, hyperuricemia, pulmonary toxicity
36
Q

Darcarbazine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
AA
DTIC
IV
IN: HD, malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, sarcomas
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, CNS toxicity
37
Q

Mechorethamine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
AA
nitrogen mustard
IV
IN: CLL, CML, HD, NHL, mycosis fungoides
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V, hyperuricemia
38
Q

Melphalan

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

AA
Alkeran
IV, PO
IN: breast, ovarian, MM, HCT, polycythemia vera
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V, mucositis, D, infusion reaction

39
Q

Thiotepa

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
AA
Thioplex
IV, IM, IT, SC
IN: bladder, breast, ovarian
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, mucositis, renal toxicity
40
Q

Azacitidine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolites
Vidaza
SC, IV
IN: Myelodysplastic syndrome
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, fatigue, hypokalemia, renal toxicity
41
Q

Cytarabine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antimetabolites
ARA-C
IV, SC, IT, IM
IN: Acute lymphocytic leukemia, AML, CML, NHL
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, mucositis, anorexia, acute pancreatitis, neurotoxicity, hepatic toxicity, pulmonary toxicity

42
Q

Fludarabine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolites
Fludara
IV
IN: CLL, NHL, T-cell, HCL
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, neurotoxicity
43
Q

Capecitabine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolite
Xeloda
PO
IN: colon and metastatic breast cancer
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, fatigue, increased bilirubin, hand-foot syndrome
44
Q

Mercaptopurine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolite
6-MP
PO
IN: ALL, AML, CML, NHL
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V, D, mucositis, hepatic toxicity, hyperuricemia
45
Q

Thioguaine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antimetabolite
6-TG
PO
IN: ALL, AML, CML
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,D, mucositis, hepatic and renal toxicity
46
Q

Bleomycin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Antitumor antibiotics
Blenoxane
IC,SC,IM
IN: HD, NHL, HNC, 
SE: Myelosuppression, pulmonary and renal toxicity
47
Q

Dacitinomycin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Antitumor antibiotic
Actinomycin D
IV
IN: Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomysarcoma, Wilm’s tumor, testicular cancer
SE: Myelosuppression, N, V, D, M, A, hyperuremia, cardiotoxicity

48
Q

DUNORUBICIN

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Anthracyclines
Daunomycin
IV
IN: ALL, AML
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,M,D,A, hyperuremia, cardiotoxcitiy
49
Q

Doxorubicin liposomal

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Anthracyclines
Doxil
IV
In: AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma, ovarian, MM, sarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,D,M, hand and foot syndrome

50
Q

Epirubicin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Anthracyclines
Ellence
IV
IN: breast and gastric
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,D,M, cardio
51
Q

Idarubicin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Anthracyclines
Idamycin
IV
IN: AML, ALL, CML, MDS
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,D,M, cardio, elevated liver enzyes
52
Q

Paclitaxel protein-bound

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Taxane
Abraxane
IV
IN: breas, NSCLC
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,D,M
53
Q

Teniposide

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Epipodophyllotoxin
Vumon
IV
IN: Childhood ALL
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V, hypotension, pulmonary toxicity
54
Q

Vinblastin

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A

Vinca Alkaloids
Velban
IV
IN: breast and testicular, HD, HCN, sarcoma
SE: Myelosuppression, M, stomatitis, C, HTN, jaw pain

55
Q

Vinorelbine

Classification, brand name, route, indication, nutrition side effects

A 
Vinca Alkaloids
IV
Navelbine
IN: breast, ovarian, NSCLC
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,C,A, stomatitis, elevated liver function tests
56
Q

Ibitumomab tiuxetan

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Zevalin
IV
CD20
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V,infections, cough, dyspena
57
Q

Rituximab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Rituxan
CD20
IV
SE: Myelosuppression, N,V
58
Q

Pertuzumab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Perjeta
IV
HER2/neu
SE: cardio, fatigue
59
Q

Trastuzumab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Herceptin
IV
HER2/neu
SE: Myelosuppression. N,V,D, fatigue, cardio, pulmonary
60
Q

Ado-trastuzumab emtansine

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Kadcyla
IV
HER2/neu
SE: cardio, hepatic, pulmonary, C
61
Q

Cetuximab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Erbitux
IV
EGFR
SE: N,V,D,A, hypomagnesemia, pulmonary
62
Q

Panitumumab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A 
Monoclonal Antibodies
Vectibix
IV
EGFR
SE: Hypmagnesemia, D, malaise, pulmonary
63
Q

Denosumab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A

Monoclonal Antibodies
Xgeva
RANKL
SE: risk of osteonecrosis of jaw, hypocalcemia, N,V,D

64
Q

Denosumab

Classification, brand name, route, target, nutrition side effects

A

Monoclonal Antibodies
Prolia
RANKL
SE: risk of osteonecrosis of jaw, hypocalcemia, N,V,D

65
Q

Vinca alkaloids mech of action

A

Binds to protein tubulin and disrupts mitotic spindle formation and prevents cell division in mitosis stage

66
Q

Taxane mech of action

A

Active in the mitosis phase of the cell cycle. Anti-microtubule agent which leads to inhabitation of mitosis and cell division

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