Chapter 3: Nutrition Risk Screening and Assessment of the Oncology Patient Flashcards

1
Q

Percentage of oncology patients that experience wt loss prior to diagnosis

A

40%

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2
Q

Percentage of oncology patients that experience malnutrition during treatment

A

40-80%

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3
Q

Wt loss during treatment

A

Correlates with decreased performance, reduced survival, and reduced quality of life

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4
Q

Cancers with the highest risk of wt loss and malnutrition

A

GI and head and neck cancers

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5
Q

Safe wt loss during treatment

A

No more than 2 lb per week. Must be closely monitored and cannot interfere with treatment

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6
Q

When should malnutrition screening take place

A

Upon admission to oncology services and routinely throughout treatment

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7
Q

Outpatient Malnutrition screening tools

A

Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)

Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST)

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8
Q

Inpatient Malnutrition Screening Tools

A

Malnutrition Screening Tool for Cancer Patients (MSTC)

Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)

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9
Q

The Academy’s definition of nutrition assessment

A

A systematic method for obtaining, verifying, and interpreting data needed to identify nutrition-related problems, their causes, and significance. The ongoing, non-linear, dynamic process that involved initial data collection, but also continual reassessment and analysis od the patient’s status compared to specific criteria

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10
Q

Definition of malnutrition in oncology patients

A

malnutrition usually refers to undernutrition and changes in body composition, which occur due to cancer itself or from the impact of the oncology treatment

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11
Q

Cancer cachexia definition

A

a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (with or without loss of fat mass) that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support and least to progressive functional impairment

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12
Q

Stages of cancer cachexia

A

Pre-cachexia, cachexia, and refractory cachexia (occurs last 3 months of patient’s life)

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13
Q

Benefits of good nutrition during cancer treatment

A

fewer complications
improved quality of life
ability to tolerate full treatment

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14
Q

The purpose of nutrition screening and assessment

A

To identify patients who are at risk for malnutrition

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15
Q

A weight loss as little as ___ predicts a reduced response to oncology treatment, reduced survival, and reduced quality of life

A

6%

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16
Q

What percentage of upper GI cancer patients experience weight loss?

A

80%

17
Q

What does diet history cover

A

allergies, portion sizes, food patterns, use of functional foods, alcohol, diet, food intolerances or aversions

18
Q

What do biochemical data, medical tests, and procedures cover

A

hydration status, electrolytes, WCB, RBC, ANC, CRP, GI function tests, liver function, glucose, CT scans

19
Q

What is NIS, provide examples

A

Nutrition Impact Symptoms that impede intake, digestions or absorption
Dysphasia, mucositis, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis

20
Q

Clinical Characteristics of Malnutrition

A
Energy intake
Wt loss
Body Fat
Muscle Mass
Fluid Accumulation
21
Q

How many characteristics must be present to diagnose malnutrition

A

2 out of 6

*documentation of all 6 characteristics represents a complete nutrition assessment

22
Q

Pathophysology of cancer cachexia

A

Charachterized by a negative protein and energy balance driven by reduced oral intake or abnormal metabolism