Chapter 3: Nutrition Risk Screening and Assessment of the Oncology Patient Flashcards
Percentage of oncology patients that experience wt loss prior to diagnosis
40%
Percentage of oncology patients that experience malnutrition during treatment
40-80%
Wt loss during treatment
Correlates with decreased performance, reduced survival, and reduced quality of life
Cancers with the highest risk of wt loss and malnutrition
GI and head and neck cancers
Safe wt loss during treatment
No more than 2 lb per week. Must be closely monitored and cannot interfere with treatment
When should malnutrition screening take place
Upon admission to oncology services and routinely throughout treatment
Outpatient Malnutrition screening tools
Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)
Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST)
Inpatient Malnutrition Screening Tools
Malnutrition Screening Tool for Cancer Patients (MSTC)
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)
The Academy’s definition of nutrition assessment
A systematic method for obtaining, verifying, and interpreting data needed to identify nutrition-related problems, their causes, and significance. The ongoing, non-linear, dynamic process that involved initial data collection, but also continual reassessment and analysis od the patient’s status compared to specific criteria
Definition of malnutrition in oncology patients
malnutrition usually refers to undernutrition and changes in body composition, which occur due to cancer itself or from the impact of the oncology treatment
Cancer cachexia definition
a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (with or without loss of fat mass) that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support and least to progressive functional impairment
Stages of cancer cachexia
Pre-cachexia, cachexia, and refractory cachexia (occurs last 3 months of patient’s life)
Benefits of good nutrition during cancer treatment
fewer complications
improved quality of life
ability to tolerate full treatment
The purpose of nutrition screening and assessment
To identify patients who are at risk for malnutrition
A weight loss as little as ___ predicts a reduced response to oncology treatment, reduced survival, and reduced quality of life
6%