Chemotherapy, Biotherapy & Targeted Therapy Flashcards
What are local treatments?
Surgery and XRT
What are systemic treatments?
- Chemo
- Biotherapy
- Targeted Therapy
- Hormonal Therapy
What grade is best?
G1: well differentiated
-best prognosis
What grade is worse?
G4: undifferentiated or poorly differentiated
What does tumor staging (TNM) do?
- look at extent of disease
- treatment decisions
- prognostic info
- evaluates treatment response
What are goals of chemo?
- cure
- control
- palliation
What are principles of chemotherapy?
- Adjuvant (with surgery)
- Neoadjuvant (before surgery)
- Chemoprevention
- Myeloablation
Chemo vs. Targeted Therapy
Chemo
- kills all fast multiplying cells
- interrupts normal cellular division
- dosed by BSA
Targeted
- goes directly towards tumor/site
- interferes with specific molecules/signaling pathways
- pt must exhibit positive testing for target
- dosed in my, units, m2
What are cell cycle specific drugs?
Act on certain phase of cell cycle
- best in divided doses or continuous infusion w/ short cycle
- acts on rapidly growing & dividing cells
Examples: Vincristine, Antimetabolites (MTX)
What are cell-cycle non-specific drugs?
Act during all phases of cell cycle
-best on slow dividing/fewer cells
Examples: Anti-tumor antibiotics, Alkylating Agents, Nitrourias
Benefits of combo chemo
Synergistic effect
Decreased toxicity
Different mechanisms of action
Decrease in drug resistance
What is Biotherapy?
- Uses body’s immune system to create a response
- Stimulate or suppress immune system
- cause antitumor activities
Conjugated: not attached; pure
Unconjugated: attached to chemo or radioactive isotopes/toxins
How does tumor burden influence therapy response?
- smaller tumor=better response
- fast growing cells respond better to chemo
How does hormone receptor therapy influence response?
Tumors that grow fast with certain hormones may benefit from hormonal therapy
Types of chemo exposure?
Absorption
Injection
Inhalation
Ingestion
