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OCN Chemo Flashcards > Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Paclitaxel

A

Plant Alkaloid
Breast, pancreatic, lung, H/N
Peripheral neuropathy, milky appearance, skin rash

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2
Q

Dactinomycin

A

Antitumor Antibiotic

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3
Q

Brentuximab Vedotin

A

Monoclonal Antibody-targets CD30
Hodgkin Lymphoma; NHL
Infusion related reactions, peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppression

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4
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Antitumor Antibiotic
Breast; Lymphoma; sarcoma; liver;
cardiomyopathy, vesicant, anthracycline, max cumulative dose of 550mg/m2 (with Cytoxan may be reduced to 450mg/m2)
Testing prior: ECHO/MUGA

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5
Q

Ado-Trastuzumab emtansine

A

Monoclonal Antibody- targets Her 2
Breast
Infusion related reactions, hepatic toxicity (elevated LFT’s), pulmonary toxicity, altered LVEF, thrombocytopenia, bleeding
Testing: ECHO/Muga

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6
Q

Everolimus

A

mTOR inhibitor
Renal; breast; liver
Mucositis, cyp3A interactions

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7
Q

Aldesleukin (IL-2)

A

Biologic Therapy
Melanoma; renal
Capillary leak

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8
Q

Alemtuzumab

A

Monoclonal Antibody-targets CD52
Lymphoma or CLL
Severe lymphodepletion need prophylactic antibiotics.
HSR

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9
Q

Pemetrexed

A

Antimetabolite
lung
Folic acid, Vit B12 replacement
Dex for fluid retention.

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10
Q

Melphalan

A

Alkylating Agent
CLL, MM
High dose- severe mucositis (oral cryotherapy)

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11
Q

Amifostine

A

Not Chemo- chemoprotectant

Hypotension, N/V, Not Chemo

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12
Q

cytarabine

A

Antimetabolite
Leukemia
High dose (greater than 1gm/m2)-cerebellar toxicity and ocular (keratitis), myelosuppression
Testing: Cerebellar assessment

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13
Q

Darbopoietin alfa

A

Growth Factor

Avoid in curable cancers- risk of progression and hyper viscosity (stroke)

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14
Q

Pamidronate

A

Bisphosphonate
Renal toxicity
Used for hypercalcemia and to prevent bone loss, osteonecrosis of the jaw
Testing: Check kidney function prior and make sure do dental work prior

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15
Q

Nelarabine

A

Nucleoside metabolite inhibitor

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16
Q

Ofatumumab

A

Blocks CD20 MAB
Lymphoma
Infusion reaction; Hepatitis reactivation
Testing: Hepatitis panel

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17
Q

Arsenic Trioxide

A

Prolonged QTc, correct K and Mag

Testing: EKG

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18
Q

Asparginase

A 
Asparagine specific activity
ALL
Allergic reaction
Coagulopathies
Pancreatitis
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19
Q

All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA)

A

Retinoic acid receptor
AML
Pulmonary syndrome that requires dex

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20
Q

Atezolizumab

A

PDL-1 inhibitor
Urothelial cancer; lung
Immune mediated reactions

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21
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Antiangiogenesis
Colon; ovary; brain; lung
High Bp, headaches, nose bleeds.
Poor wound healing, GI perforation- wait 4 weeks for surgery

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22
Q

Avelumab

A

Monoclonal antibody- Targets PDL-1
urothelial
Infusion related reactions, Immune mediated reactions

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23
Q

Azaciditine

A

Hypomethylating Agent
MDS; AML
In SQ form- skin reaction (2 shots), IV short stability, don’t hold dose for low bld ct

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24
Q

Carmustine

A

Nitrosourea
Brain; NHL; MM
Delayed pulmonary toxicity
Mixed in alcohol

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25
Q

Belinostat

A

H-DAC inhibitor

Nausea, vomiting, fever, prolonged QT

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26
Q

Bendamustine

A

Alkylating Agent
Lymphoma
HSR*, rash

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27
Q

Inotuzumab Ozogamycin

A

Monoclonal antibody Targets CD22
ALL
Infusion related reactions; LFT abnormalities
VOD/SOS, protect from light, no filters, myelosuppression

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28
Q

Bleomycin

A 
Antitumor Antibiotic
Lymphoma; testicular (germ cell)
Pulmonary toxicity
Fevers
HSR* suggest test dose with lymphoma
Testing:  PFT
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29
Q

Blinatumomab

A

Bispecific T cell engager- CD 19»CD3
ALL
Cytokine release syndrome, neurologic symptoms

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30
Q

Brentuximab Vedotin

A

Monoclonal Antibody

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31
Q

Bortezomib

A

Proteosome Inhibitor/
MM
Peripheral neuropathy, reactivation of viral infection. Green tea interaction

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32
Q

Busulfan

A

Alkylating Agent
Leukemia
Seizures in high dose

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33
Q

Cabazitaxel

A

Plant Alkaloid
Prostate
Low blood counts

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34
Q

Irinotecan

A

Camptothecans
GI (colon; rectal and pancreatic); lung
Diarrhea - Imodium and cholinergic diarrhea- atropine
Testing: check UGT1A1 for metabolism

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35
Q

Capecitabine

A

Antimetabolite
GI (colon and rectal); breast
Prodrug of 5FU and can be used interchangeably, Hand foot syndrome
Prolonged INR

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36
Q

Carboplatin

A 
Alkylator like (nm)
Lung; breast; ovary; endometrial; esophageal; H/N
AUC dosing
Delayed HSR* (8-10th dose)
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37
Q

Carmustine

Lomustine

A

Nitrosourea

Brain

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38
Q

Cetuximab

A

Monoclonal Antibody- Targets EGFR
H/N; colon
HSR*, acne like rash
K-ras mutation doesn’t respond

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39
Q

Chlorambucil

A

Alkylating Agent

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40
Q

Cisplatin

A

Alkylator like (platinum)
Lung; testicular (germ cell); esophageal; H/N; cervical
N/V; peripheral neuropathy-ototoxicity. Also called CDDP
Testing: Renal (check BUN/Cr)

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41
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A 
Alkylating Agent
Breast; lymphoma; non malignancy
Cystitis- mesna sometimes used to prevent especially in high dose
Void often
Secondary malignancies
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42
Q

Dacarbazine

A

Burning during peripheral infusion

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43
Q

Daratumumab

A

Anti-CD 38 MAB
MM
Infusion reaction (first dose can take 10 hours to infuse; Interference with cross-matching and red blood cell antibody screening: Type and screen patients prior to starting treatment. Inform blood banks that a patient has received DARZALEX

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44
Q

Dasatinib

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor- BCR/ABL (Philadelphia chromosome)

Pleural effusion

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45
Q

Daunorubicin

A 
Antitumor Antibiotic
anthracycline
ALL; AML
cardiomyopathy, vesicant, 
Testing prior:  ECHO/MUGA
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46
Q

Docetaxel

A

Plant Alkaloid
Breast; lung; prostate; ovary; endometrial
Tearing, nail changes, fluid retention (give dex); peripheral neuropathy

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47
Q

Liposomal Doxorubicin

A

Antitumor Antibiotic
Breast; ovary; endometrial; MM
Hand foot rash; use cold to prevent the rash on hands and in mouth (avoid hot in mouth)HSR*
Testing: Check ECHO/Muga for LVEF

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48
Q

Durvalumab

A

Monoclonal antibody -Targets PD-L1
Urothelial; lung
Immune mediated toxicities

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49
Q

Elotuzumab

A

IVGH inhibitor
MM
Infusion reaction , peripheral neuropathy, difficulty interpreting IgG Kappa response as the drug interferes with some testing

50
Q

Epirubicin

A 
Antitumor Antibiotic/
Breast
Cardiac toxicity
Vesicant, anthracycline
Testing:  Check ECHO/Muga for LVEF
51
Q

Oxaliplatin

A

Alkylator like (platinum)/
GI (colon; rectum; pancreatic); lymphoma; esophageal
Cold dysesthesia
HSR* later doses (8-10)

Ox
Avoid ice and cold food during infusion
Flu vaccine before start of therapy
Wig

Can cause cold dysestheia

52
Q

Erlotinib

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (targets EGFR)
Lung; liver; pancreatic
Acne like Rash
Pulmonary (interstitial lung disease)

53
Q

Etoposide

A

Plant alkaloid
Lung; lymphoma; testicular (germ cell)
Low blood pressure

54
Q

Fluorouracil (5-FU)

A 
Antimetabolite
GI (colon; rectum; pancreatic); breast
Ice to prevent mucositis
Diarrhea
Coronary vasospasms, light sensitivity
DLT-mucositis
55
Q

Floxuridine

A

Antimetabolite
Liver mets
Usually given through hepatic artery pump

56
Q

Filgrastim

Sagramostim

A

Growth factor
Bone pain
Can be used to mob stem cells
To be taken 24 hours after chemo – daily dosage

57
Q

Gemcitabine

A

Antimetabolite/
Pancreatic; lymphoma; bladder
Fever; pleural effusion; low counts with dose mods associated

58
Q

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin

A

Monoclonal Antibody- Targets CD33/
AML
Infusion related reactions, VOD/SOS, myelosuppression

59
Q

Obinutuzumab

A

Anti CD 20 MAB/
CLL; NHL
Infusion reaction, Hepatitis reactivation
Testing: Hepatitis panel

60
Q

Imatanib

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BCR/ABL- Philadelphia chromosome)

Fluid retention; GI upset

61
Q

Trastuzumab

A 
Monoclonal antibody- 
targets Her 2
Breast; upper GI/lower esophageal
Cardiac toxicity; HSR*
Testing:  ECHO/Muga- check LVEF
62
Q

Topotecan

A

myelosuppression

63
Q

Hydroxyruea

A

Antimetabolite/
Leukemia; PV; sickle cell
Leg ulcers, GI bloating

64
Q

Ibrutinib

A

BTK inhibitor/
Lymphoma; CLL
Increased risk of bleeding especially if on blood thinners, A-Fib, hypertension, leukocytosis

65
Q

Idarubicin

A

Antitumor antibiotic
Leukemia
Cardiac/vesicant, anthracycline
Testing: ECHO/Muga to check LVEF

66
Q

Ifosfamide

A

Alkylating Agent/
Sarcoma; ovary; endometrial; lymphoma
Cystitis- mesna always
Neurologic (coma, hallucinations)

67
Q

Ixazomib

A

Oral Proteasome inhibitor

Peripheral neuropathy, nausea

68
Q

Ixabepilone

A

Mitotic inhibitor (plant alkaloid)/
Breast
Peripheral neuropathy

69
Q

Pembrolizumab

A

PDL-1 inhibitor

Immune mediated reactions

70
Q

Palifermin

A

Keratinocyte growth

To rebuild mucosa to prevent mucositis

71
Q

Lapatinib

A

TKI

Prolonged QTc

72
Q

Olaratumab

A

Monoclonal Antibody- targets platelet derived growth factor alpha
Sarcoma
Infusion related reactions, lymphopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperglycemia, elevated aPTT, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia.

73
Q

Lenalidomide

A

Immunomodulator
MM
Teratatogenic (part of a REMS program to assure no pregnancy r/t issues), rash, increased risk of blood clots

74
Q

Leucovorin

A

Synergistic with 5FU and a rescue for high dose methotrexate, Not Chemo

75
Q

Liposomal Daunorubicin + cytarabine

A

Combination of an antitumor antibiotic and antimetabolite/
MDS; AML
Purple in color, Bleeding, febrile neutropenia, rash, edema, nausea/vomiting, mucositis, diarrhea, constipation, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, abdominal pain, dyspnea, headache, cough, decreased appetite, arrhythmia, pneumonia, sleep disorders.
Testing: ECHO/Muga to check LVEF

76
Q

Mechlorethamine

A

Infertility, vesicant

77
Q

Mesna

A

Binds to metabolite of ifosphamide and cyclophosphamide

78
Q

Methotrexate

A

Antimetabolite
Lymphoma; breast; non malignancy

High dose renal toxic and need leucovorin rescue

Give sodium bicarbonate to maintain kidney function

79
Q

Mitomycin

A

Antitumor antibiotic/
Rectal cancer IV; bladder
intrabladder

80
Q

Mitoxantrone

A

Anti tumor antibiotic/
Lymphoma; breast
Cardiac, blue

81
Q

Plerixafor

A

CXCR4 inhibitor/
Stem cell mobilization
Abd cramping
Used to mobilize stem cells for BMT

82
Q

Vinorelbine

A

Plant alkaloid/
Breast; lung; sarcoma
Vesicant, give through side arm of running IV, severe pain at tumor site

83
Q

Necitumab

A

Monoclonal Antibody- Targets EGFR

Infusion related reaction; Skin related reactions (EGFR-like); low mag, low phos, low calcium

84
Q

Oprelvekin

A

Platelet growth factor- capillary leak

85
Q

Sorafenib

A

Multikinase inhibitor

Rash, long eyelashes

86
Q

Mechlorethamine

A

Sterility

87
Q

Nivolumab

A

Monoclonal antibody (PD1 inhibitor)/
Lung; Hodgkin; many
Immune mediated effects

88
Q

Vincristine

A 
Plant alkaloid
Lymphoma; ALL
Peripheral neuropathy
Cap at 2mg
Jaw pain
89
Q

Pamidronate

A

bisphophonate

Osteonecrosis of the jaw, elevated creatinine

90
Q

Panitumumab

A

EGFR antagonist/
Colon cancer
Acne like rash, nail changes, Magnesium depletion

91
Q

Pertuzumab

A

Monoclonal antibody against HER 2/
Breast cancer
Check LFTs and ECHO/Muga- LVEF

92
Q

Pomolidomide

A

Immune modulator/
MM
REMS program for reproductive toxicity; Rash, somnolence, myelosuppression

93
Q

Rituximab

A

MAB- targets CD20/
Lymphoma; CLL; autoimmune
HSR*
Reactivation of Hep

94
Q

Temozolamide

A

Alkylating agent/
Brain tumor
Immune suppression – need to be on septra

95
Q

Thalidomide

A

Immune modulator
MM
Peripheral neuropathy; constipation; STEPS (for reproductive issues)

96
Q

Trabectedin

A

Alkylating agent/
Sarcoma
24 hour infusion (home pump); vesicant, nausea, elevated LFT’s and CPK (rhabdomyolysis), capillary leak syndrome

97
Q

Vinblastine

A

Plant alkaloid/
Hodgkin disesae
Myelosuppressive
Peripheral neuropathy, jaw pain, vesicant

98
Q

Venetoclax

A

BCL-2 inhibitor/
CLL; AML
Tumor lysis syndrome, myelosuppression, drug-drug interactions

99
Q

Y90 Ibritumomab tiuxetan

A

Emits radiation out of the skin and thus will need to be away from family for about a week or so. Infused hot dose in lead lined room.

100
Q

Zolodrenic acid

A

bisphosphonate
Used for breast cancer now to prevent bone mets
Used to prevent skeletal related events (fractures)
Renal toxic, osteonecrosis of the jaw

101
Q

Supportive drugs: peripheral neuropathy

A 
Duloxetine
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
Amitriptyline
Venlafaxine
102
Q

Supportive drugs: Nausea

A

Metoclopramide

103
Q

Supportive drugs: Antidepression

A 
Mirtazapine
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Amitriptyline
Citalopram
104
Q

Xgeva

A

To prevent skeletal fractures; low calcium is a risk

AE: peripheral neuropathy

105
Q

Leuprolide

A

Blocks gonadotropin releasing hormone for breast and prostate cancer (can be used to preserve fertility- chemical menopause during treatment) Give as 2 injections in the buttocks. Side effects – hormonal symptoms and higher risk for blood clot

106
Q

Goserelin

A

Blocks gonadotropin releasing hormone for breast and prostate cancer (can be used to preserve fertility- chemical menopause during treatment) Give as large injection in the abdomen (pellet). Side effects – hormonal symptoms and higher risk for blood clot

107
Q

Dexrazoxane

A

Protective agent for the heart (zinecard) for anthracyclines; treatment for anthracycline extravasation (totect)

108
Q

Tx
whale or flare and pain at injection site
Of doxorubicin and epirubicin

A

Dex-razoxane

109
Q

Interleukin-2

A

Mets melanoma

RCC

110
Q

Prochlorperazine

Side effect

A

Extrapyramidal reaction

  • shuffling gait - loss of balance
  • tremors
  • difficulty speaking or swallowing
  • twitching

Tx for n/v caused by emergencies chemo

111
Q

Flare reaction

At iV site

A

May cause itching, blotchiness, or streak along or next to the vein receiving infusion

-without swelling or pain

112
Q

Monoclonal antibody

-mab

Interfere with ?

A

Interfere with cell membrane bound targets by

Blocking ligand receptor activation and
Immune modulation

This preventing rapid growth of cancer cell

113
Q

Bevacizumab

A

SE:
Hypertension
Proteinuria

114
Q

Oral contraceptive >5 years can prevent which cancer?

A

In prevention of ovarian cancer families with lynch syndrome, not genetically at risk for breast cancer

Lynch syndrome - heredity non-polyploid colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the most common cause of heredity colon rectal cancer before 59

115
Q

Cancer patient

Experiencing from erectile dysfunction

What is the Tx

A

po Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Have been a recommended practice

116
Q

Hospice patient experiencing delirium

What med?

A

Haloperidol

117
Q

Doxorubicin

SE

A

Fever- ruby red

Extravasation- tissue necrosis is usually evidence 2-3w after extravasation

118
Q

Intrathecal safe chemo

A

Methotrexate

Cytarabine

119
Q

-nib

Regotafenib

Anti VEGFR
Cororectal ca
Hcc

A

-po same time

Liver problems
Hypertension
Bleeding

120
Q

SCT

A

Relapse and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome is most common life threatening complication

OCN Chemo Flashcards (7 decks)

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