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Chemotherapy > Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Hodgkins’ disease (stages 3 and 4) as part of MOPP regimen

A

Mechlorethamine (Mustragen)

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2
Q

Must be activated by CYP 450’s in liver

A

Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)

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3
Q

Can cause hemorrhagic cystitis and SIADH

A

Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)

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4
Q

Used for Burkitt’s lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and other lymphomas and leukemias

A

Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)

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5
Q

Can cause hepatotoxicity

A

Chlorambucil

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6
Q

Used for chronic lympocytic leukemia

A

Chlorambucil

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7
Q

Given orally. Phosphate cleaved during absorption. Binds to beta-tubulin

A

Estramustine phosphate (emcyt)

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8
Q

Antimitotic effects. Not cell cycle specific (but mostly M stage)

A

Estramustine phosphate (emcyt)

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9
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis and hyperpigmentation of skin

A

Busulfan (myleran)

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10
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis and nephrotoxicity.

Pancreatic - steptozotocin

A

Carmustine (BCNU)
Lomustine (CCNU)
Semustine (methyl-CCNU)
Streptozocin

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11
Q

Breaking to liberate alkylating and carbamylating species. Highly lipophilic

A

Carmustine (BCNU)
Lomustine (CCNU)
Semustine (methyl-CCNU)
Streptozocin

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12
Q

Decreases DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. Chromatid breakage and translocation inhibits G1 to S phase in cell cycle

A

Procarbazine (mulutane)

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13
Q

Avoid MAO inhibitors and alcohol

A

Procarbazine (Mulutane)

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14
Q

Methylates DNA and RNA. Non cell cycle specific

A

Dacarbazine (DTIC)

Temozolomide (T)

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15
Q

Binds to guanine in DNA forming intra-strand cross link

A

Drugs containing platinum

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16
Q

Depresses bone marrow
Nephrotoxicity (Major toxicity)
Ototoxicity

A

Drugs containing platinum

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17
Q

Forced diuresis with loop diuretics like furosemide

A

Drugs containing platinum

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18
Q

Used to decrease hemorrhagic cystitis produced by acrolein

A

MESNA, Mesnex

Na-2-Mercaptoethanesulfonate

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19
Q

Reacts with acrolein in urine to detoxify and prevent binding to bladder wall

A

MESNA, Mesnex

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20
Q

Tumors can have ___________ pumps that move chemotherapy agent out

A

glycoprotein

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21
Q

Cancer not detectable by most sensitive measures

A

Remission

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22
Q

Zero cancer cells present

A

Cure

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23
Q

Tight binding between base pairs in DNA blocking activity of topoisomerase II

A

Doxorubicin and daunorubicin

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24
Q

Most potent anti-tumor agent known

A

Dactinomycin

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25
Not excreted
Mechlorethamine (Mustragen)
26
Used for Hodgkin's disease
MOPP and ABVD
27
Used for non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
CHOP
28
Used for breast cancer
CMF and CAF
29
Used for small cell lung cancer
PACE
30
Used for germ cells
VIP
31
Used for cervical cancer
BIP
32
Used for lymphomas
M-BACOD
33
Used for ovarian cancer
BEP
34
Used for pheochromocytomas
CVD
35
Used for testicular cancer
PEB
36
Alkylating agents are non cell cycle specific or cell cycle specific?
Non cell cycle specific
37
Melphalan structures resembles ___________
pheylalanine
38
Work by adding alkyl group to N7 of guanine in DNA, leading to cross linking between two strands of DNA.
Alkylating agents
39
Form intrastrand crosslinks
Drugs containing platinum | Cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin
40
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin act by ______
indirectly damaging DNA
41
Vincristine, vinblastine, and paclitaxel are _______ specific
M phase
42
6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate are __________ specific (self limiting)
S -------> G2 transition S mainly
43
Cytosine arabinoside and hydroxyurea are ________ specific
S phase
44
Alkylating drugs, nitrosoureas, antitumor antibiotics, procarbazine, cisplatin, and dacarbazine are _________
Non cell cycle specific
45
Hyponatremia caused by cyclophosphamide is maintained by _________
demecycline
46
Binds to guanine in DNA forming intrastrand cross links
Drugs containing platinum | Cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin
47
Major side effect of drugs containing platinum is _________
nephrotoxicity
48
Most toxic platinum containing drug is _________
cisplatin
49
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin directly ____________
damage DNA
50
Anthracyclines class contains
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin
51
Intercalates between 2 strands of DNA inhibiting topoisomerase 2. Causes single and double strand breaks in DNA. Causes histone eviction from chromatin
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin
52
Cell cycle non specific. Causes cardiotoxicity which may be irreversible
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin
53
Cardiotoxicity may be prevented by ___________
dexrazoxane
54
Used for breast cancer, sarcoma, many carcinomas, MOPP-resistant Hodgkin's disease
Doxorubicin and daunorubicin
55
Binds to DNA like doxorubicin to produce drug/DNA/topoisomerase 2 complexes that lead to DNA strand breaks. Free radicals not produced and lower levels of cardiotoxicity
Mitoxantrone
56
Etoposide and tenopside are part of __________ class
Epipodophyllotoxins
57
Forms ternary complex with DNA-topoisomerase 2. Kills in G2 and S phases
Epipodophyllotoxins
58
Used in testicular tumors (w/ Bleomycin and Cisplatin) | Small cell lung cancer (w/ Cisplatin)
Epipodophyllotoxins | Etoposide and Tenopside
59
Includes camptothecin, topotecan, and irinotecan
Camptothecin Analogs
60
Inhibit topoisomerase 1
Camptothecin Analogs
61
Camptothecin analogs are cell cycle specific and act in ______ phase
S
62
_________ is a prodrug activated by tissue carboxyesterases which are highly expressed in carcinomas
irinotecan
63
Can cause severe diarrhea
Camptothecin analogs
64
Chemotherapy antibiotics are _________
Bleomycins
65
Bleomycins are cell cycle specific and most active in ________ phase
G2
66
Can cause pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis. Have minimal bone marrow suppression
Bleomycins
67
Used in advanced testicular carcinoma (w/ vinblastine and cisplatin) Lymphomas in combo therapy
Bleomycins
68
Make complex with reduced free iron in cell leading to free radical production which damages DNA and causes cell death
Bleomycins
69
___________ peptide loops interact at purine-pyrimidine base pairs of DNA and intercalate between the strands. Can also cause some single stranded breaks, non cell cycle specific
Dactinomycin
70
Can cause oral and GI ulcerations, stomatitis. Used for methotrexate resistant choriocarcinomas, Wilm's tumor, and rhabdomyosarcoma
Dactinomycin

Chemotherapy (2 decks)

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