chemolithoautotrophs

Question 1

what is oxidative phosphrylation

Answer 1

create a PMF and NAD(P)H using ETC. PMF can synthesize ATP using an ATP synthase

Question 2

what are the soucre of electrons and nrg

Answer 2

inorganic molecules

Question 3

ETC:complexes and TEA

Answer 3

eg. H2uses hydrogenase complex to oxidize H₂ producing H⁺. NO₂^-(nititre) uses nitrite oxidase complex to oxidze nitrite producing nitrate waste. TEA: O₂;terminal oxidase complex

Question 4

H₂ oxidizing bacteria

Answer 4

H₂donates e^- to ETC. TEA can be O₂ (or stg else). ETC creates PMF. ATP can be synthesized using ATP synthase. Oxidative phosphorlyation. H₂ also donates e^- used to spontaneoulsy reduce NAD+ to NAD(P)H

Question 5

most chemolithoautrophs used what to synthesize NAD(P)H

Answer 5

reverse e^- transport

Question 6

Nitrobacter gram and shape

Answer 6

-ive and rod

Question 7

Nitrobacter uses what as for source of nrg and e-

Answer 7

nitrite (NO2^-​)

Question 8

ETC (production of a PMF) steps of Nitrobacter

Answer 8

nitrate is e^- donor, O₂ is TEA. nitrate oxidase oxidizes nitrite producing nitrate as waste product. e^- flow spontaneouely to an oxidase complex, uses O₂ as TEA producing water. nrg released in redox rxn creates a PMF. ATP is synthesized using ATP synthase (oxidative phosphorylation)

Question 9

ETC (synthesis of NAD(P)H) of Nitrobacter

Answer 9

to synthesize NAD(P)H for anabolism, the PMF is used as source of nrg for reverse e- transport. nitrite oxidase complex oxidizes nitrite. However, e- are passed to complexes with more-ive reduction potential. the NAD(P)H oxidoreductase complez has a -ive enough reduction potential to donate e- to NAD+ to produce NAD(P)H

Question 10

is ETC synthesis of NAD(P)H spontaneous

Answer 10

no, PMF is used as source of nrg for reverse e^- transport