Chemisty Flashcards
__________ is the physical change from solid to gas
Sublimination
True or false. A substance with a vapor pressure of 700 is considered volatile
True
Increasing pressure will _________ a liquid boiling temperature
Increase
Which state of matter has mass with a definite shape and volume
Solid
If lithium loses one electron, it has a charge of ____________?
+1
A cation as a __________ charge, whereas in anion has a _______ charge
Positive, Negitive
True or false. Carbon monoxide is considered a simple asphyxiant because it displaces oxygen?
False
Ammonia has a vapor density of .59, so it will __________ in room air temperature?
Rise
2% gas is equal to __________ ppm
20,000
Flammable range Is based on __________?
UEL/LEL
Vapor pressure increases with?
Tempurature
___________ is the minimum temperature to which a liquid gives off a mixture near the surface of the liquid.
Lower explosive limit
The minimum number of resources required to complete research is?
3
Which of the following is used by fire motors, law-enforcement other emergency service personnel When first arriving at the scene of a transportation dangerous goods/hazardous materials?
Emergency response guidebook
The notation “Ca” listed next to the IDLH value of a chemical denotes;
The chemicals known as carcinogen agent
The product that is highlighted in the ERG means that:
Will be listed in the green section & has an inhalation hazard associated with it
The __________ provides the following information: chemical names, synonyms, trade names, CAS, RTECS, and DOT id and guide numbers
Niosh pocket Guide?
The molecular weight of a product assumes air to have a value of ________. (Pg.126)
29
___________ describes how well a material will dissolve in a liquid. (Pg. 138)
Solubility
Materials with a vapor pressure over __________ will be gases under normal condition. (Pg. 129)
760mm/Hg
IDLH is the maximum concentration from which an unprotected person can expect to escape in _________ period of time without suffering irreversible health effects.
Pg. 211
30 minutes
The ________ is the maximum concentration to which the majority of healthy adults can be exposed over 40 hours week without suffering adverse effects?
Pg 211
Recommended exposure limit REL
TWA
If a material has a vapor density less then ________, it is determined to be lighter than air and the material will rise.
Pg 125
1
The ________ is the percentage of the gas or vapor attrition in the air that will burn or explode if ignited.
Pg 129
Flammable range
Using the 1300 rule, the product acetone with the vapor pressure of 180mm/hg would have a concentration of ________?
234,000 ppm
Metals and nonmetals are formed by what type of bond
Ionic
Reactivity ________ as you go down group one on the periodic table
Increases
Water is a ________ compound and mixes with ________ compounds
Polar, polar
Which of the following is not a natural diatomic molecule?
Fluorine
Hydrogen
Argon
Oxygen
Argon
Alkali metals often form what type of solutions
Caustic, Basic, Corrosive
When mixed with water, phosphide salts produce white gas?
Phosphine
Bro mine has a molecular weight of 79.904, an atomic number of 35, and is found in group 7 on the periodic table. How many electrons does it have?
35
Peroxide salts‘s are ________ reactive than oxide salts
More
Binary salts typically have what type of melting point.
Low, high, or no melting point
High melting point
Sodium combined with fluorine produces a binary salt named?
Sodium fluoride
LiCl is considered what type of salt?
Binary
KCN is considered what type of salt?
Cyanide Salt
CaO is considered what type of salt?
Metal oxide salt
NaO2 is considered what type of salt?
Peroxide Salt
Endothermic reactions get ________, while exothermic reactions get ________
Cold, Hot
Calcium carbide, CaC2, Will produce ________ when mixed with dihydrogen monoxide
Acetylene gas
Aluminum (1) can carry ________ ClO4 (Perchlorate) than aluminum (111).
More or less?
Less
Ammonia is a ________ and will turn pH paper ________.
Base, Blue
Arsenic has a molecule weight of 74.93, and atomic number of 33, and is found in group 5 on the periodic table. How many total neutrons does it have?
42
Hypobromite carries ________ oxygen Than perbromate
More or less
Why?
Less
Li
Lithium
Group 1 alkali
Metal
Na
Sodium
Group 1 alkali
Metal
K
Potassium
Group 1 alkali
Metal
Rb
Rubidium
Group 1 alkali
Metal
Be
Beryllium
Group 2 alkaline earth metals
Mg
Magnesium
Group 2 alkaline earth metals
Ca
Calcium
Group 2 alkaline earth metals
H
Hydrogen
Diatomic Molecule
Metaloid group 1
B
Boron
Group 3
Al
Aluminum
Group 3
Ga
Gallium
Group 3
C
Carbon
Diatomic molecule
Group 4
Si
Silicone
Group 4
Ge
Germanium
Group 4
N
Nitrogen
Diatomic Molecule
Group 5
P
Phosphorus
Group 5
Non metal
As
Arsenic
Group 5
Metalloid / non metal
O
Oxygen
Diatomic molecules
Group 6
non metal
S
Sulfur
Group 6
non metal
F
Fluorine
Diatomic Molecule
Group 7 Halogens
Cl
Chlorine
Diatomic molecule
Group 7 Halogen
Toxic
Br
Bromine
Diatomic molecule
Group 7 halogen
Toxic
I
Iodine
Diatomic molecule
Group 7
Halogen
TOXIC
He
Helium
Group 8
Noble Gas
Ne
Neon
Noble gas
Group 8 illuminating gas
Ar
Argon
Noble gas
Group 8 illuminating gas
Kr
Krypton
Noble gas
Group 8
Pb
Lead
Group 5
Zn
Zinc
Transitional metal
Cu
Cooper
Transitional metal
Ga
Gallium
Transitional metal
Ni
Nickel
Transitional metal
Fe
Iron
Transitional metal
Ag
Silver
Transitional metal
Sc
Scandium
Transitional metal
Ti
Titanium
Transitional metal
V
Vanadium
Transitional metal
Cr
Chromium
Transitional metal
Mn
Manganese
Transitional metal
Co
Cobalt
Transitional metal
Organic chemistry refers to _______ & _______ Based compounds
Carbon and hydrogen
C3H8 is the chemical formula for?
Propane
Most oils float on water because they are _______?
Non-polar
There are how many gas is lighter than air at room temperature?
13
Double bonds are _______ stable than single bonds
Less
True or false
The longer the carbon chain, the more products of combustion will be visible.
True
Methane lights easy and goes out easy
Tire is hard to light and takes more to put out
Acetylene is highly flammable because it _______
Contains a triple bond
As carbon chains lengthen, their flammability _______
Decreases
Saturated hydrocarbons contain all _______
Single Bonds
Lighter than air chemicals (13)
4H medic Anna
(4H)
Hydrogen, Helium, Hydrogen Fluoride, Hydrogen Cyanide
M- Methane. A- Acetylene
E- Ethane. N- Neon
D- Diborane. N- Nitrogen
I - Illuminating Gas. A- Amonia
C- carbon monoxide
Non Organic
Numbering
Mono -1 Di -2 Tri. -3 Tetra. -4 Penta. -5 Hexa. -6 Hepa. -7 Octo. -8 Nona. -9 Deca -10
What is a polyatomic ion
Two or more elements that act as a single unit
What are Nitrides?
Any metal mixed with nitrogen
If a nitride gets wet it produces ammonia gas
What are carbides
Any metal mixed with carbon
If a carbide gets wet it creates acetylene
What are hydrides
Any metal mixed with hydrogen
If hydrides get wet they produce hydrogen gas
What are phosphides?
Any metal mixed with phosphorus
If phosphides get wet they produce Phosphine
What does North Carolina Highway patrol mean?
Binary salts
Nitrides
Carbides
Hydrides
Phosphides
What is oxide salts
metal + oxygen
If wet CLR + increased heat
What is metal peroxide?
Metal +2 oxygen
If wet CLR + increased heat
*Oxidizer
What is Metal hydroxide
Metal + (OH)
If wet CLR + increased heat
What is cyanide salts?
Metal + (CN)
If wet produces cyanide gas
hydrogen cyanide
(Hydrodynamic Acid)
What are ammonium salts
NH4 (Ammonia) + a polyatomic ion or non metal
Many hazards potentially endothermic reaction
What is oxysalts?
Metal + BrO3, ClO3, or NO3
Oxidizer
Organic Chemistry
Numbering
Meth -1 Eth. -2 Prop. -3 But. -4 Pent. -5 Hex. -6 Hep. -7 Oct. -8 Non. -9 Dec. -10
What does Organic chemistry mean?
Contains carbon
What are alkanes?
Single bonded hydrocarbons
(Saturated Hydrocarbons)
Stable and flammable
What are Alkenes?
Carbon Double bonds
Unstable normally flammable
What are Alkynes?
Carbon triple bond
Unstable and flammable
What is aromatics?
Six carbons in a hex ring
Very stable with more storage energy
Carcinogenic and flammable
What are halogenated hydrocarbons?
A radical + halogen
Toxic
MSST
Maximum safe storage temp
What is SADT
Self accelerating decomposing temperature
What are alcohols?
Radical + hydroxide (OH)
Ends with OL or alcohol
What are you Ethers?
Radical with oxygen and a radical
R-O-R (oxygen is always in the middle)
CNS depressant
Flammable
WFR - Wide flammable range
Very unstable
What is convalent bond?
Shared electons
C4H9Cl is considered a what?
Halogenated Hydrocarbon
R-O-R is generic formula for?
Ether
Benzene is considered to be?
Stability?
Highly stable
Aromatic
Alcohol added to a hydrocarbon will increase or decrease the flammability?
Increase
Ethers may decompose to form what?
Organic peroxides
These often burn very dirty and produce cobweb like smoke?
Aromatics
Which of the following will mix with water?
Alcohol, fuel oil, methyl chloride, Aromatics
Alcohol
What has resonance?
Aromatics
Halogenated hydrocarbons are typically _______ and are considered_______.
Non flammable , toxic
What is the byproduct of burning chlorine-based halogenated hydrocarbons?
Phosgene gas