Chemisty Flashcards by David Colson

__________ is the physical change from solid to gas

Sublimination

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True or false. A substance with a vapor pressure of 700 is considered volatile

True

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Increasing pressure will _________ a liquid boiling temperature

Increase

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Which state of matter has mass with a definite shape and volume

Solid

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If lithium loses one electron, it has a charge of ____________?

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A cation as a __________ charge, whereas in anion has a _______ charge

Positive, Negitive

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True or false. Carbon monoxide is considered a simple asphyxiant because it displaces oxygen?

False

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Ammonia has a vapor density of .59, so it will __________ in room air temperature?

Rise

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2% gas is equal to __________ ppm

20,000

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Flammable range Is based on __________?

UEL/LEL

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Vapor pressure increases with?

Tempurature

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___________ is the minimum temperature to which a liquid gives off a mixture near the surface of the liquid.

Lower explosive limit

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The minimum number of resources required to complete research is?

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Which of the following is used by fire motors, law-enforcement other emergency service personnel When first arriving at the scene of a transportation dangerous goods/hazardous materials?

Emergency response guidebook

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The notation “Ca” listed next to the IDLH value of a chemical denotes;

The chemicals known as carcinogen agent

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The product that is highlighted in the ERG means that:

Will be listed in the green section & has an inhalation hazard associated with it

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The __________ provides the following information: chemical names, synonyms, trade names, CAS, RTECS, and DOT id and guide numbers

Niosh pocket Guide?

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The molecular weight of a product assumes air to have a value of ________. (Pg.126)

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___________ describes how well a material will dissolve in a liquid. (Pg. 138)

Solubility

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Materials with a vapor pressure over __________ will be gases under normal condition. (Pg. 129)

760mm/Hg

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IDLH is the maximum concentration from which an unprotected person can expect to escape in _________ period of time without suffering irreversible health effects.

Pg. 211

30 minutes

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The ________ is the maximum concentration to which the majority of healthy adults can be exposed over 40 hours week without suffering adverse effects?
Pg 211

Recommended exposure limit REL

TWA

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If a material has a vapor density less then ________, it is determined to be lighter than air and the material will rise.
Pg 125

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The ________ is the percentage of the gas or vapor attrition in the air that will burn or explode if ignited.
Pg 129

Flammable range

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Using the 1300 rule, the product acetone with the vapor pressure of 180mm/hg would have a concentration of ________?

234,000 ppm

Metals and nonmetals are formed by what type of bond

Ionic

Reactivity ________ as you go down group one on the periodic table

Increases

Water is a ________ compound and mixes with ________ compounds

Polar, polar

Which of the following is not a natural diatomic molecule? Fluorine Hydrogen Argon Oxygen

Argon

Alkali metals often form what type of solutions

Caustic, Basic, Corrosive

When mixed with water, phosphide salts produce white gas?

Phosphine

Bro mine has a molecular weight of 79.904, an atomic number of 35, and is found in group 7 on the periodic table. How many electrons does it have?

Peroxide salts‘s are ________ reactive than oxide salts

Binary salts typically have what type of melting point. Low, high, or no melting point

High melting point

Sodium combined with fluorine produces a binary salt named?

Sodium fluoride

LiCl is considered what type of salt?

Binary

KCN is considered what type of salt?

Cyanide Salt

CaO is considered what type of salt?

Metal oxide salt

NaO2 is considered what type of salt?

Peroxide Salt

Endothermic reactions get ________, while exothermic reactions get ________

Cold, Hot

Calcium carbide, CaC2, Will produce ________ when mixed with dihydrogen monoxide

Acetylene gas

Aluminum (1) can carry ________ ClO4 (Perchlorate) than aluminum (111). More or less?

Less

Ammonia is a ________ and will turn pH paper ________.

Base, Blue

Arsenic has a molecule weight of 74.93, and atomic number of 33, and is found in group 5 on the periodic table. How many total neutrons does it have?

Hypobromite carries ________ oxygen Than perbromate More or less Why?

Less

Lithium Group 1 alkali Metal

Sodium Group 1 alkali Metal

Potassium Group 1 alkali Metal

Rubidium Group 1 alkali Metal

Beryllium Group 2 alkaline earth metals

Magnesium Group 2 alkaline earth metals

Calcium Group 2 alkaline earth metals

Hydrogen Diatomic Molecule Metaloid group 1

Boron Group 3

Aluminum Group 3

Gallium Group 3

Carbon Diatomic molecule Group 4

Silicone Group 4

Germanium Group 4

Nitrogen Diatomic Molecule Group 5

Phosphorus Group 5 Non metal

Arsenic Group 5 Metalloid / non metal

Oxygen Diatomic molecules Group 6 non metal

Sulfur Group 6 non metal

Fluorine Diatomic Molecule Group 7 Halogens

Chlorine Diatomic molecule Group 7 Halogen Toxic

Bromine Diatomic molecule Group 7 halogen Toxic

Iodine Diatomic molecule Group 7 Halogen TOXIC

Helium Group 8 Noble Gas

Neon Noble gas Group 8 illuminating gas

Argon Noble gas Group 8 illuminating gas

Krypton Noble gas Group 8

Lead Group 5

Zinc Transitional metal

Cooper Transitional metal

Gallium Transitional metal

Nickel Transitional metal

Iron Transitional metal

Silver Transitional metal

Scandium Transitional metal

Titanium Transitional metal

Vanadium Transitional metal

Chromium Transitional metal

Manganese Transitional metal

Cobalt Transitional metal

Organic chemistry refers to _______ & _______ Based compounds

Carbon and hydrogen

C3H8 is the chemical formula for?

Propane

Most oils float on water because they are _______?

Non-polar

There are how many gas is lighter than air at room temperature?

Double bonds are _______ stable than single bonds

Less

True or false | The longer the carbon chain, the more products of combustion will be visible.

True Methane lights easy and goes out easy Tire is hard to light and takes more to put out

Acetylene is highly flammable because it _______

Contains a triple bond

As carbon chains lengthen, their flammability _______

Decreases

Saturated hydrocarbons contain all _______

Single Bonds

Lighter than air chemicals (13) 4H medic Anna

(4H) Hydrogen, Helium, Hydrogen Fluoride, Hydrogen Cyanide M- Methane. A- Acetylene E- Ethane. N- Neon D- Diborane. N- Nitrogen I - Illuminating Gas. A- Amonia C- carbon monoxide

Non Organic Numbering

``` Mono -1 Di -2 Tri. -3 Tetra. -4 Penta. -5 Hexa. -6 Hepa. -7 Octo. -8 Nona. -9 Deca -10 ```

What is a polyatomic ion

Two or more elements that act as a single unit

What are Nitrides?

Any metal mixed with nitrogen If a nitride gets wet it produces ammonia gas

What are carbides

Any metal mixed with carbon If a carbide gets wet it creates acetylene

What are hydrides

Any metal mixed with hydrogen If hydrides get wet they produce hydrogen gas

What are phosphides?

Any metal mixed with phosphorus If phosphides get wet they produce Phosphine

What does North Carolina Highway patrol mean?

Binary salts Nitrides Carbides Hydrides Phosphides

What is oxide salts

metal + oxygen If wet CLR + increased heat

What is metal peroxide?

Metal +2 oxygen If wet CLR + increased heat *Oxidizer

What is Metal hydroxide

Metal + (OH) If wet CLR + increased heat

What is cyanide salts?

Metal + (CN) | If wet produces cyanide gas hydrogen cyanide (Hydrodynamic Acid)

What are ammonium salts

NH4 (Ammonia) + a polyatomic ion or non metal Many hazards potentially endothermic reaction

What is oxysalts?

Metal + BrO3, ClO3, or NO3 Oxidizer

Organic Chemistry | Numbering

``` Meth -1 Eth. -2 Prop. -3 But. -4 Pent. -5 Hex. -6 Hep. -7 Oct. -8 Non. -9 Dec. -10 ```

What does Organic chemistry mean?

Contains carbon

What are alkanes?

Single bonded hydrocarbons (Saturated Hydrocarbons) Stable and flammable

What are Alkenes?

Carbon Double bonds Unstable normally flammable

What are Alkynes?

Carbon triple bond Unstable and flammable

What is aromatics?

Six carbons in a hex ring Very stable with more storage energy Carcinogenic and flammable

What are halogenated hydrocarbons?

A radical + halogen Toxic

MSST

Maximum safe storage temp

What is SADT

Self accelerating decomposing temperature

What are alcohols?

Radical + hydroxide (OH) Ends with OL or alcohol

What are you Ethers?

Radical with oxygen and a radical R-O-R (oxygen is always in the middle) CNS depressant Flammable WFR - Wide flammable range Very unstable

What is convalent bond?

Shared electons

C4H9Cl is considered a what?

Halogenated Hydrocarbon

R-O-R is generic formula for?

Ether

Benzene is considered to be? Stability?

Highly stable Aromatic

Alcohol added to a hydrocarbon will increase or decrease the flammability?

Increase

Ethers may decompose to form what?

Organic peroxides

These often burn very dirty and produce cobweb like smoke?

Aromatics

Which of the following will mix with water? Alcohol, fuel oil, methyl chloride, Aromatics

Alcohol

What has resonance?

Aromatics

Halogenated hydrocarbons are typically _______ and are considered_______.

Non flammable , toxic

What is the byproduct of burning chlorine-based halogenated hydrocarbons?

Phosgene gas