Chemistry Words to Know

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has a mass and a volume

Question 2

Pure Substance

Answer 2

One type of particle. It can’t be separated by physical means.
ex. heating, filtering

Question 3

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 3

It has components that are distinctly visible and not uniformly distributed.
ex. Sand + gravel/rock. –Can filter

Question 4

Homogenous Mixture

Answer 4

Substances are uniformly(evenly)mixed throughout and the different components are not visible. Can separate physically.
ex. heat sugar water to evaporate and separate

Question 5

Solution

Answer 5

Solutions are homogeneous, or equal throughout, and contain a solute and solvent. As a reminder, the solute is present in less amount than the solvent.

Question 6

Compound

Answer 6

Two or more element types bounded together.
ex. water-h20 is 2 hydrogens, 1 oxygen

Question 7

Molecule

Answer 7

A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest unit of a compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

Question 8

Atom

Answer 8

An atom is the basic unit of an element. An atom is a form of matter which may not be further broken down using any chemical means. A typical atom consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Question 9

Mass

Answer 9

Mass is the most basic property of matter and it is one of the fundamental quantities. Mass is defined as the amount of matter present in a body.
ex. Mass = Density × Volume

Question 10

Volume

Answer 10

The amount of space occupied by any three-dimensional solid.

Question 11

Chemical change

Answer 11

When one substance is transformed into one or more new products via a chemical reaction.
In a chemical change, the number and type of atoms remain constant, but their arrangement is altered.
Most chemical changes are not reversible, except via another chemical reaction.

Question 12

Physical change

Answer 12

A type of change in which the form of matter is altered but one substance is not transformed into another. The size or shape of matter may be changed, but no chemical reaction occurs.

Question 13

Kinetic

Answer 13

Relating to the motion of material bodies and the forces and energy associated therewith.

Question 14

Sublimation

Answer 14

The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state.

Question 15

Deposition

Answer 15

A phase transition in which matter transitions directly from a gaseous state into a solid state without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.

Question 16

Physical properties

Answer 16

A physical property is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.

Question 17

Electron

Answer 17

0.0005485 mass. In the orbitals

Question 18

Proton

Answer 18

1.00727 mass. In the nucleus

Question 19

Neutron

Answer 19

1.00866

Question 20

Metal

Answer 20

a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typically ductile (can be drawn into wires) and malleable (they can be hammered into thin sheets). These properties are the result of the metallic bond between the atoms or molecules of the metal.

Question 21

Non-metal

Answer 21

a chemical element that generally lacks a predominance of metallic properties; they range from colorless gases (like hydrogen) to shiny and high melting point solids (like boron). The electrons in nonmetals behave differently from those in metals.

Question 22

Alkali metals

Answer 22

Most reactive metal

Question 23

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 23

Less reactive than alkali metal

Question 24

Halogens

Answer 24

Most reactive non-metal

Question 25

Noble gases

Answer 25

least reactive non-metals. Doesn’t make ions

Question 26

Transition metals

Answer 26

High melting and boiling points with multiple ion charges

Question 27

Bohr model

Answer 27

Electrons are arranged in orbitals around the nucleus of the atom. It allows us to describe the behaviour of elements (reactive or not) when forming compounds, due to electrons in the outer shell interacting with other nearby elements.

Question 28

Valence shell and electron

Answer 28

The outermost shell in an atom or ion that has electrons. An electron contained in the valence shell. These electrons are used for bonding/reactions.

Question 29

Covalent compound

Answer 29

Formed when two non-metal atoms share electrons. Covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.

Question 30

Ionic compound and Ion

Answer 30

Formed when one metal gives electrons to a non-metal.