Chemistry Unit 2 - The Atom

Question 1

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 1

6.02 x 10^23

Question 2

Centi

Answer 2

Hundredth

Question 3

Mili

Answer 3

Thousandth

Question 4

Kilo

Answer 4

Thousand

Question 5

Issues with Bohrs Model

Answer 5

Electrons don’t have fixed pathways

Question 6

Ground state of electrons

Answer 6

Electron in its lowest energy level

Question 7

Excited state of electron

Answer 7

Electron has absorbed energy and “jumped” to a higher energy level, farther from the nucleus

Question 8

Emission Spectra

Answer 8

Emission of light from electronically excited gas atoms

Question 9

Electromagnetic spectrum in order

Answer 9

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays

Question 10

Which color of light has the most energy?

Answer 10

Violet

Question 11

Which color of light has the least energy?

Answer 11

Red

Question 12

What are the four types of orbitals

Answer 12

S, P, D, F

Question 13

Shape of s-orbital

Answer 13

Sphere

Question 14

Shape of p-orbital

Answer 14

Dumbell

Question 15

What PEL does the s-orbital exist at?

Answer 15

All PEL’s

Question 16

What PEL does the p-orbital exist at?

Answer 16

2 and greater

Question 17

What PEL does the d-orbital exist at?

Answer 17

3 and greater

Question 18

What PEL does the f-orbital exist at?

Answer 18

4 and greater

Question 19

Aufbau Principle

Answer 19

Fill lowest energy levels first

Question 20

Hunds Rule

Answer 20

All orbitals must be occupied with one electron before electrons can pair

Question 21

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 21

If 2 electrons occupy the same orbital, then they must have opposite spins

Question 22

Dalton’s Model

Answer 22

Sphere

Question 23

Thompson’s Model

Answer 23

Plum Pudding Model

Question 24

Rutherford’s Model

Answer 24

Nuclear Model

Question 25

Bohrs Model

Answer 25

Planetary Model

Question 26

Schroedinger's Model

Answer 26

Quantum Model

Question 27

What were Dalton's main discoveries?

Answer 27

Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that maintains its chemical properties

Question 28

What were Thompson's main discoveries?

Answer 28

- Electrons - Negative charges

Question 29

What were Rutherford's main discoveries?

Answer 29

- Nucleus is a positive center - Atom is made up of mostly empty space

Question 30

What were Bohr's main discoveries?

Answer 30

Energy orbitals of the electrons

Question 31

What did Schrodinger believe?

Answer 31

- Electrons move in waves, not set orbital paths - Cannot know the exact location of an electron --> "clouds of probability" called orbitals

Question 32

What is the difference between an atom and an ion?

Answer 32

Atoms are electrically neutral, they have the same number of protons as electrons. Isotopes electrically charge and have different electrons than protons.

Question 33

What is a cation?

Answer 33

A positivley charged ion

Question 34

What is an anion?

Answer 34

A negatively charge ion

Question 35

What is an isotope?

Answer 35

Atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but differ in the number of neutrons

Question 36

H

Answer 36

Hydrogen

Question 37

Ne

Answer 37

Neon

Question 38

Be

Answer 38

Beryllium

Question 39

O

Answer 39

Oxygen

Question 40

Li

Answer 40

Lithium

Question 41

Na

Answer 41

Sodium

Question 42

Mg

Answer 42

Magnesium

Question 43

Al

Answer 43

Aluminum

Question 44

P

Answer 44

Phosphorous

Question 45

Cl

Answer 45

Chlorine

Question 46

Ca

Answer 46

Calcium

Question 47

Si

Answer 47

Silicon

Question 48

S

Answer 48

Sulfur

Question 49

B

Answer 49

Boron

Question 50

C

Answer 50

Carbon

Question 51

F

Answer 51

Fluorine

Question 52

He

Answer 52

Helium

Question 53

N

Answer 53

Nitrogen

Question 54

Ar

Answer 54

Argon

Question 55

K

Answer 55

Pottasium

Question 56

Cr

Answer 56

Chromium

Question 57

Fe

Answer 57

Iron

Question 58

Mn

Answer 58

Manganese

Question 59

Ni

Answer 59

Nickel

Question 60

Co

Answer 60

Cobalt

Question 61

Cu

Answer 61

Copper

Question 62

Sr

Answer 62

Strontium

Question 63

Zn

Answer 63

Zinc

Question 64

Cd

Answer 64

Cadmium

Question 65

Kr

Answer 65

Krypton

Question 66

I

Answer 66

Iodine

Question 67

Hg

Answer 67

Mercury

Question 68

Xe

Answer 68

Xenon

Question 69

Au

Answer 69

Gold

Question 70

Pb

Answer 70

Lead

Question 71

Br

Answer 71

Bromine

Question 72

Ag

Answer 72

Silver

Question 73

Pt

Answer 73

Platinum

Question 74

Sn

Answer 74

Tin

Question 75

Ba

Answer 75

Barium