Chemistry Unit 1 - Describing Matter

Question 1

What is a physical property?

Answer 1

A characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance (mass, color, volume, etc.)

Question 2

What is a chemical property?

Answer 2

The ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change (ex: flammability, and susceptibility, to corrosion)

Question 3

What is a physical change?

Answer 3

A change in which the form or appearance changes, but no new substances are formed

Question 4

Examples of physical change

Answer 4

Changes of state or phase (melting, freezing, sublimation, condensation, vaporization)

Question 5

What is a chemical change?

Answer 5

Changing of one substance into a new substance that has different properties

Question 6

Examples of chemical change

Answer 6

Combustion, oxidation, tarnishing

Question 7

Intensive physical properties

Answer 7

Stay the same regardless of amount (ex: melting point, boiling point, etc.)

Question 8

Extensive physical properties

Answer 8

Changes based on amount (ex: mass, volume, weight, etc.)

Question 9

What is a reactant?

Answer 9

A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction

Question 10

What is a product?

Answer 10

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction

Question 11

What is a pure substance?

Answer 11

Matter that always has exactly the same composition

Question 12

What is an element?

Answer 12

A substance that contains only one type of atom (atoms are not attached/bonded)

Question 13

What is an atom?

Answer 13

Smallest unit of matter

Question 14

What is a molecule?

Answer 14

Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together

Question 15

What is an elemental molecule?

Answer 15

A molecule made of two or more of the same atoms (ex:O2)

Question 16

What is a compound?

Answer 16

Two or more elements chemically combined (two different atoms - ex: MgO)

Question 17

What is a mixture?

Answer 17

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined (“hanging out” but not bonded)

Question 18

What is a homogenous mixture?

Answer 18

A mixture that is the same throughout

Question 19

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

Answer 19

A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout (ex: chicken noodle soup)

Question 20

Independent variable

Answer 20

Variable that is manipulated

Question 21

Dependent variable

Answer 21

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable

Question 22

Controlled variable

Answer 22

A variable that is not changed

Question 23

Metric base unit for length

Answer 23

Meter (m)

Question 24

Metric base unit for mass

Answer 24

Grams (g)

Question 25

Metric base unit for volume

Answer 25

Liter (L)

Question 26

Metric base unit for temperature

Answer 26

Kelvin (K)

Question 27

Metric base unit for time

Answer 27

Seconds (s)

Question 28

Tera- (t)

Answer 28

10^12

Question 29

Giga- (G)

Answer 29

10^9

Question 30

Mega- (M)

Answer 30

10^6

Question 31

Kilo- (k)

Answer 31

10^3

Question 32

Hecto- (h)

Answer 32

10^2

Question 33

Deka- (da)

Answer 33

10^1

Question 34

Deci- (d)

Answer 34

10^-1 (one tenth)

Question 35

Centi- (c)

Answer 35

10^-2 (one hundredth)

Question 36

Mili- (m)

Answer 36

10^-3 (one thousandth)

Question 37

Micro- (μ)

Answer 37

10^-6 (one millionth)

Question 38

Nano- (n)

Answer 38

10^-9 (one billionth)

Question 39

Pico- (p)

Answer 39

10^-12 (one trillionth)