Chemistry The Final Final Flashcards by Claira Silady

Using the rules of significant figures, calculate the following
0.110cm x 120cm=

13cm^2

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Using the rules of sig figs calculate the following
45.10 x 0.060 =

2.7

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The number 0.03056 rounded to three sig figs is

0.0306

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How many sig figs are in he number 2300.0

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How many sig figs in the number
9.0 x 10^4

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When making a measurement with a tool such as a ruler or a graduated cylinder, how many uncertain digits can be reported in the answer?

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In the product of 1.04 mL x 0.310 g/mL, the number of sig figs is

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How many sig figs are in the number 19.8030

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How many sig igs are in the number 1.30 x 10^6

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Which of the following has the least number of sig figs
a. 5000
b. 500
c. 50
d. all the same amount

d. all the same amount

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“Steel wool burns in the air, forming iron oxide.”
identify the type of reaction
a. single replacement
b. combustion
c. synthesis
d. decomposition
e. Two of the above

e. two of the above

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general equation for decomposition reaction

AB -> A+B

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All of teh following are clues that a chemical reaction has taken place except:
a. a color change
b. a soild forms
c. the reactant is smaller
d. temperature decreases
e. bubbles form

c. reactant is smaller

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What type of chemical reaction is shown below
2 NO2 —> 2 NO + O2
a. combustion reaction
b. decomposition reaction
c. single replacement
d. synthesis reaction
e. Two of the above are correct

b. decomposition reaction

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One _____ contains Avogadro’s number of molecules
a. mole
b. weight
c. gram
d. all of the choices

a. mole

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Avogadro’s number of particles in a mole holds true for _______.
a. formula units
b. molecules
c. atoms
d. all of the choices

d. all of the choices

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The representative particle for nitrogen dioxide is the ________.
a. atom
b. molecule
c. formula unit
d. gram

b. molecule

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What is the molar mass of potassium sulfate? Show work
a. 135.16g/mol
b. 86 g/mol
c. 174.27 g/mol
d. 110.27 g/mol

c. 174.27 g/mol

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The representative particle for copper (II) sulfide is the ________.
a. formula unit
b. atom
c. molecule
d. gram

a. formula unit

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which represents the greatest number of moles?
a. 50.0 g Cu
b. 50.0 g Al
c. 50.0 g Fe
d. 50.0 g Li
e. They all contain the same number of atoms

d. 50.0 g Li

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Which of the following contains the least amount of particles?
a. 6,000,000,000
b. 6.02 x 10^23
c. 2.0 moles
d. 3.01 x 10^23
e. .5 moles

a. 6,000,000,000

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The number of particles in a mole is known as _________.
a. alchemist’s number
b. avogadro’s number
c. formula unit
d. Dalton’s number

b. avogadro’s number

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The representative particle for zinc is the __________.
a. molecule
b. formula unit
c. gram
d. mole
e. atom

e. atom

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In the balanced equation
2 H2 + O2 –> 2 H20
a. 2 moles of hydrogen reacts with 2 mole of oxygen
b. 4 moles of hydrogen reacts with 1 mole of oxygen
c. 2 moles of hydrogen reacts with 1 mole of oxygen
d. 4 moles of water are produced

c. 2 moles of hydrogen reacts with 1 mole of oxygen

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True or false a reaction stops when all the limiting reactants are consumed.

true

Which of the following remains constant in Gay- Lussac's Law? a. pressure b. temperature c. volume d. none

c. volume

What would happen to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas sample if the temperature of the sample increased from 20 C to 40 C a. no change b. become half its value c. it would increase d. it would decrease e. two of these

c. it would increase

Use the kinetic molecular theory of gases to predict what would happen to a closed sample of a gas whose temperature increased while its volume decreased. a. its pressure would hold constant b. the number of moles of the gas would decrease c. it pressure would decrease d. the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas would decrease e. its pressure would increase

e. its pressure would increase

For a given amount gas at a constant temperature, the volume of gas varies inversely with its pressure is a statment of ________ law. a. Avogadro's b. Curie's c. Charles's d. Boyle's

d. Boyle's

Which of the following is not a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory? a. molecules of a gas move rapidly and in straight lines b. if two molecules collide with each other the total energy of the molecules before the collision is the same as their total energy after the collision c. The molecules of a gas are strongly attracted to each other d. the molecules in a gas are tiny compared to the distance between them

c. The molecules of a gas are strongly attracted to each other

Synthesis

A + B --> AB

Decoposition

AB --> A + B

Combustion

__ + O2 --> ____

Single Replacement

A + BC --> AC + B

Double Replacement

AB + CD --> AD + CB

What is the most reactive Halogen

Chlorine

What is the most reactive metal

Lithium

What is the least reactive metal

gold

Stoichiometry

using conversion factors to show the quantitative relationship between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

What is needed to determine a chemical reaction?

a balanced equation

percent yeild

compares the actual amount of product obtained to the theoretical yield as predicted from the calculation

theoretical yeild

amount of product predicted from the amount of reactants used, the maximum amount of product that could be produced.

percent yield equation

actual yield (a)/ theoretical yield (t) x 100

Gay-Lussac's law As temperature decreases, pressure _______.

decreases, decreases

Avogadro's Law As the amount of moles (n) of a gas increases volume _______.

increases

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? L

volume

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? K

temperature

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? grams

amount

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? atm

pressure

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? mL

Volume

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? kPa

Pressure

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? C

Temperature

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? mm Hg

pressure

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? moles

amount

Pressure, volume, temperature, or amount? psi

pressure

Boyle's Law as pressure is increased volume is _____.

decreased

Charles's Law as temperature decreases volume _______.

decreases

Which gas law applies to the example? A balloon shrinks after it is placed in a freezer

Charles's

Which gas law applies to the example? An airplan passenger's ears pop as the airplane takes off.

Boyle's

Which gas law applies to the example? The balloons all have the same volume. This means they all contain the same number of molecules.

Avogadro's

Which gas law applies to the example? An aerosol can explodes when left in a hot car.

Gay-Lussac's

Boyle's Law Equation

P1V1 = P2V2

Charles's Law Equation

V1/T1 = V2/T2`

Avogadro's Law Equation

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Gay-Lussac's Law Equation

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Ideal Gas Law Equation

PV = nRT

What are the five main indicators that a chemical reaction has occured?

smell, production of gas, color change, temperature change, formation of a precipitate

True or False In a properly reported measurement, one or more insignificant digits are reported

False

True or False A reaction stops when all limiting reactants are consumed

True

True or False The reactant which is consumed completely in a reaction is called the excess reactant

False

A jewelry designer has 10 rings and 17 diamonds. He has to use 2 diamonds per ring. What will be the theoretical yield of the rings?

True or False The actual yield is greater than the theoretical yield

False

The ____ yield is the maximum amount obtained when all of the limiting reagents has reacted

theoretical yield

What contributes to a percent yield that is greater than 100% a. the percent yield greater than 100% is impossible b. spills during the experimental process c. allowing too much time for the reaction to occur d. impurities in the product

d. impurities in the product

If some of the product of a chemical reaction couldn't be removed from the reaction vessel, its calculated percent yield would be _____ than its theoretical yield a. higher b. equal c. lower

c. lower

Boyle's Law relates _______ and _____ if _______ and amount of gas are held constant.

pressure, volume, temperature

Charles's Law relates _____ and ______ if ______ and amount of gas are held constant

volume, temperature, pressure