Ch 5 study guide

Question 1

What is light?

Answer 1

A form of energy

Question 2

Electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 2

form of energy that exhibits wave-like behavior as they move through space

Question 3

Speed of light formula

Answer 3

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

Question 4

Visible Light

Answer 4

The segment of the electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can view

Question 5

Different colors have different ________ therefore different _________.

Answer 5

wavelengths; frequencies

Question 6

Violet= 400nm wavelength, ________ frequency

Answer 6

high

Question 7

Red= 750nm wavelength, ________ frequency

Answer 7

low

Question 8

photon

Answer 8

particle of electromagnetic radiation that has 0 mass and carries a quantum of energy.

Question 9

photon energy is _______ (directly/inversely) proportional to frequency

Answer 9

directly

Question 10

wavelength

Answer 10

the distance between successive crests (nm), distance wave travels in one full cycle of upward and downward motion

Question 11

frequency

Answer 11

how fast it is moving up and down per second

Question 12

speed

Answer 12

regardless of wavelength, light moves through space at a constant speed

Question 13

wavelength and frequency are __________ (directly/inversely) related

Answer 13

inversely

Question 14

quanta

Answer 14

the minimum quantity of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.

Question 15

photoelectric effect

Answer 15

a phenomenon that occurs when the light shined onto a metal surface causes the ejection of electron from that metal.

Question 16

______ (color) is incapable of releasing electrons from sodium. metal.

Answer 16

red

Question 17

_______ even if relatively faint, releases electrons easily.

Answer 17

violet

Question 18

Why does violet light free electrons from sodium but red light does not?

Answer 18

violet has a higher frequency than red light. Higher frequency higher energy.

Question 19

dual nature of light

Answer 19

light has both wave-like and particle-like behavior.

Question 20

Atomic emission spectrum

Answer 20

a spectrum, in general, is a range of wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question 21

when atoms are given a specific amount of ______ the electrons absorb that ________.

Answer 21

energy; energy

Question 22

quantum

Answer 22

the specific amount of energy an electron can absorb

Question 23

with _________ ________ the electron can jump to a higher energy level

Answer 23

quantum energy

Question 24

energy is released in the form of __________ ________

Answer 24

photon light

Question 25

groundstate

Answer 25

electrons in their lowest energy state. Closest to the nucleus.

Question 26

excited state

Answer 26

higher energy level further away from the nucleus.

Question 27

orbit

Answer 27

an exact circular pathway for the electron around the nucleus

Question 28

orbital

Answer 28

a region in space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron

Question 29

atomic orbitals

Answer 29

how the electrons are organized

Question 30

principle energy levels (PEL)

Answer 30

the main orbit

Question 31

the first orbital is the __ sublevel

Answer 31

s

Question 32

the s sublevel is in the shape of a _____

Answer 32

sphere

Question 33

the second sublevel is the ___ sublevel

Answer 33

p

Question 34

the p sublevel is in the shape of a ______

Answer 34

dumbell

Question 35

the third sublevel is the ____ sublevel

Answer 35

d

Question 36

the final and fourth sublevel is the ___ sublevel

Answer 36

f

Question 37

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 37

an atomic orbital can hold a max of 2 electrons and they must have an opposite spin

Question 38

Hund’s rule

Answer 38

orbitals of equal energy are occupied by one electron before nay orbital is occupied by a second electron. Each electron must have the same spin

Question 39

Aufbau Principle

Answer 39

Electrons are added to orbitals in order from low to high energy