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Science Year 9 > Chemistry Test 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) into an aqueous solution

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2
Q

Alkali

A

A base that dissolves in water

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3
Q

Alkaline solution

A

A solution made of a base/alkali and water

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4
Q

Allotropes

A

Different forms of the same element

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5
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of a base metal with other elements to improve its properties

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6
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

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7
Q

Base

A

A substance that releases hydroxide ions (HO-)

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8
Q

Base metal

A

The main metal in an alloy

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9
Q

Brittle

A

Shatters if hit

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10
Q

Carat

A

Scale for measuring the purity of gold

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11
Q

Ductile

A

Able to be stretched into wires

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12
Q

Indicator

A

A chemical that changes colour to show whether a substance is acidic, neutral or basic

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13
Q

Litmus paper

A

A common indicator that turns red in the presence of an acid and blue in the presence of a base

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14
Q

Lustrous

A

Shines when polished

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15
Q

Malleable

A

Able to be hammered into new shapes

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16
Q

Metalloid

A

An element that is more like a non- metal but can conduct heat and electricity under certain conditions

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17
Q

pH

A

A scale used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution

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18
Q

Polyatomic

A

Containing more than one atom

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19
Q

Stainless steel

A

A restless alloy of steel that includes chromium and nickel

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20
Q

Steel

A

An alloy of iron and carbon

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21
Q

Acid rain

A

Rain that has acids such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid dissolved in it

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22
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Respiration that uses oxygen as a reactant to convert glucose into energy

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23
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in the lungs that allow oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed from the bloodstream

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24
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Respiration that does now require oxygen to convert glucose into energy

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25
Q

Anodising

A

A way of protecting aluminium from corrosion by deliberately creating a layer of aluminium oxide over it

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26
Q

Antacids

A

Tablets or liquid medicines that relieve heartburn by neutralising stomach acids with bases

27
Q

Balanced equation

A

A chemical equation with the same number of each type of atom on each side of the arrow

28
Q

Carbon sink

A

A term used to describe materials that trap carbon in their structures

29
Q

Chemical digestion

A

The process that breaks down large molecules in food to smaller ones that can be absorbed by the body

30
Q

Chlorophyll

A

The green chemical found in the chloroplasts of plant cells that trap the suns energy for photosynthesis

31
Q

Chloroplast

A

Organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes place

32
Q

Combustion

A

A rapid reaction with oxygen that releases energy in the form of heat and or light

33
Q

Complete combustion

A

Combustion that occurs if there is plenty of oxygen, it produces carbon dioxide and water vapour

34
Q

Corrosion

A

The break down of metals due to their reaction with other chemicals

35
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

A chemical reaction that absorbs energy

36
Q

Enzyme

A

A chemical that helps speed up a chemical reaction but is not used up by the reaction

37
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

A chemical reaction that releases energy

38
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

Highly combustible chemicals

39
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

Combustion that occurs when oxygen is limited, produces carbon and carbon monoxide

40
Q

Mitochondria

A

Organelles in plant and animal cells where respiration takes place

41
Q

Neutralisation

A

A reaction of an acid with a base, forming a salt and water

42
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Endothermic reaction that takes place in green plants. Uses the suns energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen gas

43
Q

Products

A

Chemicals produced in a chemical reaction

44
Q

Reactants

A

Chemicals that take part in a chemical reaction

45
Q

Respiration

A

A series of chemical reactions that releases energy from glucose, takes place in mitochondria

46
Q

Salt

A

Any compound formed by a metal taking the place of the hydrogen atom in an acid

47
Q

Stomata

A

Microscopic holes in the leaves of plants where gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour can enter or exit the plant

48
Q

Tarnish

A

A black coating of silver sulfide that is produced when silver reacts with Sulfur in food or the atmosphere

49
Q

Verdigris

A

A green coating of copper hydroxide that is produced when copper reacts with moisture, carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere.

50
Q

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide+ water -> glucose + oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

51
Q

Chemical question for respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

52
Q

Products of complete combustion

A

Carbon dioxide + water

53
Q

Products of incomplete combustion

A

Carbon + carbon monoxide + water

54
Q

General equation for neutralisation reaction

A

Acid + base -> A salt + water

55
Q

Acid and carbonate reaction equation

A

Acid + carbonate -> Carbon dioxide + a salt + wate

56
Q

Acid and metal reaction equation

A

Acid + metal -> a salt + hydrogen gas

57
Q

Anaerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose -> lactic acid + energy

C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 + energy

58
Q

What does the strength of an acid or base depend on?

A

The amount of its ions that it releases

59
Q

What is chemical digestion

A

Series of chemical reactions that breaks down large molecules of food into a form that can be absorbed by the body

60
Q

What do the enzymes in saliva help to digest?

A

Starch

61
Q

What do enzymes in the stomach help to digest?

A

Proteins

62
Q

What are the enzymes in the stomach called?

A

Pepsin

63
Q

Why does the digestion of starch finish in the stomach?

A

Because the environment is too acidic because the gastric juice produced by the stomach brings that pH down to 0-3. This is perfect for pepsin so digestion of proteins starts

64
Q

What do enzymes in the duodenum help digest?

A

Fat, remaining carbs and protein

Science Year 9 (4 decks)

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