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Science Year 9 > Chemistry Test 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acid

A

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) into an aqueous solution

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2
Q

Alkali

A

A base that dissolves in water

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3
Q

Alkaline solution

A

A solution made of a base/alkali and water

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4
Q

Allotropes

A

Different forms of the same element

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5
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of a base metal with other elements to improve its properties

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6
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

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7
Q

Base

A

A substance that releases hydroxide ions (HO-)

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8
Q

Base metal

A

The main metal in an alloy

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9
Q

Brittle

A

Shatters if hit

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10
Q

Carat

A

Scale for measuring the purity of gold

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11
Q

Ductile

A

Able to be stretched into wires

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12
Q

Indicator

A

A chemical that changes colour to show whether a substance is acidic, neutral or basic

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13
Q

Litmus paper

A

A common indicator that turns red in the presence of an acid and blue in the presence of a base

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14
Q

Lustrous

A

Shines when polished

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15
Q

Malleable

A

Able to be hammered into new shapes

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16
Q

Metalloid

A

An element that is more like a non- metal but can conduct heat and electricity under certain conditions

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17
Q

pH

A

A scale used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution

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18
Q

Polyatomic

A

Containing more than one atom

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19
Q

Stainless steel

A

A restless alloy of steel that includes chromium and nickel

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20
Q

Steel

A

An alloy of iron and carbon

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21
Q

Acid rain

A

Rain that has acids such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid dissolved in it

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22
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Respiration that uses oxygen as a reactant to convert glucose into energy

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23
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in the lungs that allow oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed from the bloodstream

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24
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Respiration that does now require oxygen to convert glucose into energy

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25
Anodising
A way of protecting aluminium from corrosion by deliberately creating a layer of aluminium oxide over it
26
Antacids
Tablets or liquid medicines that relieve heartburn by neutralising stomach acids with bases
27
Balanced equation
A chemical equation with the same number of each type of atom on each side of the arrow
28
Carbon sink
A term used to describe materials that trap carbon in their structures
29
Chemical digestion
The process that breaks down large molecules in food to smaller ones that can be absorbed by the body
30
Chlorophyll
The green chemical found in the chloroplasts of plant cells that trap the suns energy for photosynthesis
31
Chloroplast
Organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes place
32
Combustion
A rapid reaction with oxygen that releases energy in the form of heat and or light
33
Complete combustion
Combustion that occurs if there is plenty of oxygen, it produces carbon dioxide and water vapour
34
Corrosion
The break down of metals due to their reaction with other chemicals
35
Endothermic reaction
A chemical reaction that absorbs energy
36
Enzyme
A chemical that helps speed up a chemical reaction but is not used up by the reaction
37
Exothermic reaction
A chemical reaction that releases energy
38
Hydrocarbons
Highly combustible chemicals
39
Incomplete combustion
Combustion that occurs when oxygen is limited, produces carbon and carbon monoxide
40
Mitochondria
Organelles in plant and animal cells where respiration takes place
41
Neutralisation
A reaction of an acid with a base, forming a salt and water
42
Photosynthesis
Endothermic reaction that takes place in green plants. Uses the suns energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen gas
43
Products
Chemicals produced in a chemical reaction
44
Reactants
Chemicals that take part in a chemical reaction
45
Respiration
A series of chemical reactions that releases energy from glucose, takes place in mitochondria
46
Salt
Any compound formed by a metal taking the place of the hydrogen atom in an acid
47
Stomata
Microscopic holes in the leaves of plants where gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour can enter or exit the plant
48
Tarnish
A black coating of silver sulfide that is produced when silver reacts with Sulfur in food or the atmosphere
49
Verdigris
A green coating of copper hydroxide that is produced when copper reacts with moisture, carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere.
50
Chemical equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide+ water -> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
51
Chemical question for respiration
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
52
Products of complete combustion
Carbon dioxide + water
53
Products of incomplete combustion
Carbon + carbon monoxide + water
54
General equation for neutralisation reaction
Acid + base -> A salt + water
55
Acid and carbonate reaction equation
Acid + carbonate -> Carbon dioxide + a salt + wate
56
Acid and metal reaction equation
Acid + metal -> a salt + hydrogen gas
57
Anaerobic respiration equation
Glucose -> lactic acid + energy C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 + energy
58
What does the strength of an acid or base depend on?
The amount of its ions that it releases
59
What is chemical digestion
Series of chemical reactions that breaks down large molecules of food into a form that can be absorbed by the body
60
What do the enzymes in saliva help to digest?
Starch
61
What do enzymes in the stomach help to digest?
Proteins
62
What are the enzymes in the stomach called?
Pepsin
63
Why does the digestion of starch finish in the stomach?
Because the environment is too acidic because the gastric juice produced by the stomach brings that pH down to 0-3. This is perfect for pepsin so digestion of proteins starts
64
What do enzymes in the duodenum help digest?
Fat, remaining carbs and protein

Science Year 9 (4 decks)

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