chemistry test Flashcards
As the basic unit of matter, __________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.
atoms
__________, also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen.
bases
Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily.
carbon
Among the following choices, acids would MOST likely be used to __________.
exfoliate the skin
The letters pH denote __________, which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
potential hydrogen
What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt?
acid–alkali neutralization
The location you use for mixing chemicals must be __________.
well ventilated
Water-in-oil emulsions feel __________ than oil-in-water emulsions.
greasier
A(n) __________ charged ion is called an anion.
negatively
Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have ___________.
PH
Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?
salt
An unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid, such as calamine lotion, is a:
suspension
On a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), which category would include risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects?
toxicological information
________ is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide.
oxidation
A reducing agent __________.
adds hydrogen to a chemical compound
The tail of a surfactant molecule is __________, or oil loving.
lipophilic
The pH scale is _________.
lotharithmic
A __________ is a stable, uniform mixture of two of more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance.
solution
Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension?
surfactant
__________ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services
facial creams
Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) __________ reaction.
redox
Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties?
chemical
What does a pH below 7 indicate?
an acidic solution
__________ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.
reduction
Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)?
matter
An example of a physical change is __________.
ice melting to water
An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is __________.
cold cream
An example of an elemental molecule is ___________.
atmospheric oxygen
When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is __________.
oxidized
The are 118 different elements known to science today. How many of these are naturally occurring on Earth?
98
As part of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects, as well as ___________.
first aid instructions
The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline __________ solutions.
water - based
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contains _________ categories of information.
16
H is the symbol for which element
hydrogen
Alkalis tend to __________ the hair.
swell
What is the average pH for hair and skin?
5
Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter
atoms
What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur?
endothermic
