Chemistry Term 1 Flashcards
Tell me the arrangement of Solids
The particles are very close together
The particles are ordered
The particles don’t move
Tell me the arrangement of Liquids
The particles are quite close together
The particles are arranged randomly
The particles move quite freely
Tell me the arrangement of Gases
The particles are wide apart
The particles are arranged randomly
The particles move freely
What is sublimation?
Sublimation - Change of state: Solid to Gas
What is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until it reaches equilibrium
How can you speed up diffusion?
You can speed up diffusion through temperature (hotter), size (smaller), distance (shorter)
What is a Solution
Solution – This is a mixture of a solute and a solvent
What is a Soluble
Soluble – This means a substance that will dissolve
What is an Insoluble
Insoluble – This means a substance that will not dissolve
What is the Solubility
Solubility – This is a measure of how much a solute will dissolve
What is a solute
Solute - This is the solid being dissolved
What is saturation?
Saturation – This is a solution that wont dissolve any more solute at a specific temperature
What is a solvent
Solvent – This is the liquid that the solid being dissolved into
What are the 4 separation techniques? What are their meanings?
Distillation - To separate two liquids with different boiling points or a solution.
Evaporation - the process of turning from liquid into vapour
Filtration - To separate an insoluble substance from a mixture.
Chromatography - A method for separating a mixture of soluble substances.
What is a Filtrate
Filtrate – The filtered solvent/solution from the process of Filtration
What is the residue
Residue – The insoluble solid left behind from the process of Filtration
What is the process of Distillation
- Heating: The solution is heated
- Vaporization: The solvent evaporates
- Condensation: The vapour is condensed
- Collection: The vapour fully condenses and is collected
What is the process of Filtration
- The solution is poured into the Filter Funnel
- The solution gets filtered and the insoluble solids in it gets separated from the solution (Residue)
- The filtered solution is collected (Filterate)
What is the process of Chromatography
- Setup the apparatus/equipment
- Draw a pencil baseline around 1cm about the bottom of the paper
- Put ink dot(s) on the pencil baseline
- Allow the paper to touch the solvent by around 5mm (millimetres)
- Watch the solvent rise through the paper and the ink separate
