Chemistry Solids Liquids and Gasses C1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which process breaks down rocks down into smaller pieces?

A

Weathering

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2
Q

What do you know about the size of particles and their effect on drainage in sandy soils and clay soils?

A

Sandy soil have large particles with big spaces between them; good drainage; hardly ever becomes water- logged. Clay soil has very small particles with tiny spaces between them; poor drainage; often becomes water-logged.

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3
Q

There are three states of matter. Say what these states are and these three properties of each state

A

Solids: fixed mass, volume and shape. Liquids: fixed mass and volume but changes shape. Gas: fixed mass, but changes volume and shape.

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4
Q

In each case, give the name of the process that best describes the changes below:

· Solid – liquid

· Liquid – gas

· Liquid – solid

· Gas – liquid

A

· Solid – liquid = melting

· Liquid – gas = evaporation

· Liquid – solid = freezing

· Gas – liquid = condensation

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5
Q

Describe the position of particles in solids, liquids and gases

A

In a solid the particles are held strongly and closely in fixed positions. They vibrate about their fixed points
In a liquid the particles are close together but free to move around each other. They are constantly moving around each other and to other places as liquids flow.
In a gas the particles are far apart with no forces of attraction between them. They move quickly in all directions.

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6
Q

Evaporation and condensation are physical changes. List at least two features of a physical change.

A

Substances do not change into other substances – no chemical reaction. May change state. Changes are temporary and may by reversed.

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7
Q

Pure water boils at 100 degrees Celsius and freezes at 0 degrees Celsius. What happens to the boiling point when salt is added to water?

A

Boiling point will be raised well above 100 degrees Celsius

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8
Q

Why do local councils put salt on the roads in winter?

A

To stop roads becoming icy as saltwater freezes well below 0 degrees Celsius.

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9
Q

Iron (the only metal that rusts) need two substances to change it into rust. What are they?

A

Oxygen and water

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10
Q

List three ways of preventing rusting

A

Covering iron with a layer of oil, coating in zinc (galvanizing), paint, plastic or tin

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