Chemistry Solids Liquids and Gasses C1 Flashcards
Which process breaks down rocks down into smaller pieces?
Weathering
What do you know about the size of particles and their effect on drainage in sandy soils and clay soils?
Sandy soil have large particles with big spaces between them; good drainage; hardly ever becomes water- logged. Clay soil has very small particles with tiny spaces between them; poor drainage; often becomes water-logged.
There are three states of matter. Say what these states are and these three properties of each state
Solids: fixed mass, volume and shape. Liquids: fixed mass and volume but changes shape. Gas: fixed mass, but changes volume and shape.
In each case, give the name of the process that best describes the changes below:
· Solid – liquid
· Liquid – gas
· Liquid – solid
· Gas – liquid
· Solid – liquid = melting
· Liquid – gas = evaporation
· Liquid – solid = freezing
· Gas – liquid = condensation
Describe the position of particles in solids, liquids and gases
In a solid the particles are held strongly and closely in fixed positions. They vibrate about their fixed points
In a liquid the particles are close together but free to move around each other. They are constantly moving around each other and to other places as liquids flow.
In a gas the particles are far apart with no forces of attraction between them. They move quickly in all directions.
Evaporation and condensation are physical changes. List at least two features of a physical change.
Substances do not change into other substances – no chemical reaction. May change state. Changes are temporary and may by reversed.
Pure water boils at 100 degrees Celsius and freezes at 0 degrees Celsius. What happens to the boiling point when salt is added to water?
Boiling point will be raised well above 100 degrees Celsius
Why do local councils put salt on the roads in winter?
To stop roads becoming icy as saltwater freezes well below 0 degrees Celsius.
Iron (the only metal that rusts) need two substances to change it into rust. What are they?
Oxygen and water
List three ways of preventing rusting
Covering iron with a layer of oil, coating in zinc (galvanizing), paint, plastic or tin