Chemistry - Seperating Mixtures and Water Treatment Flashcards
What is the definition of a mixture?
A mixture consists of different substances that are not chemically combined and can usually be easily separated.
What is the purpose of filtration in separation techniques?
Filtration separates an insoluble solid from a liquid.
What happens to the liquid during the filtration process?
The liquid filtrate passes through the filter paper, while the undissolved solid residue stays on the paper.
What is decantation?
Decantation is a method of separating a liquid from an undissolved solid by pouring the liquid slowly, leaving the solid behind.
What is evaporation used for in separation techniques?
Evaporation is used to separate a soluble solid from a solution.
In a solution, what is the solid part called?
The solid part of a solution is called the solute.
In a solution, what is the liquid part called?
The liquid part of a solution is called the solvent.
What occurs during the evaporation process?
The solvent evaporates, leaving the solid solute behind.
What is crystallisation?
Crystallisation is a method of separating a soluble solid from a solution by allowing it to evaporate slowly.
What happens when a solution becomes saturated during crystallisation?
Crystals will form as more water evaporates.
How can crystals be separated from the remaining solution after crystallisation?
Crystals can be separated by filtration.
What are hydrated crystals?
Hydrated crystals are those that contain water in their structure.
What is the result of strong heating during crystallisation?
Strong heating evaporates the water, resulting in an anhydrous powder.
Fill in the blank: The solid part of a solution is called the _______.
solute
Fill in the blank: The liquid part of a solution is called the _______.
solvent
