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MAT-Dummies > Chemistry (Rare) > Flashcards

Chemistry (Rare) Flashcards

pg. 120

1
Q

Absolute Zero

A

Theoretical temperature, the coldest possible

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2
Q

Acid

A

Something that reacts with a base, with a pH of less than 7

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3
Q

Activation energy

A

Energy that must be overcome for a chemical reaction to occur.

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4
Q

Aeration

A

Process in which air is mixed with liquid

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5
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged ion

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6
Q

Atom

A

Smallest form of a chemical element, made of protons, neutrons, and electrons

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7
Q

Atomic Number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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8
Q

Barometer

A

Device used to measure atmospheric pressure

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9
Q

Base

A

Something that reacts with an acid, with a pH of more than 7

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10
Q

Biochemistry

A

Study of chemical processes in life forms

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11
Q

Boiling

A

Phase of a liquid rapidly vaporizing

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12
Q

Bond

A

Attraction between atoms that allows chemicals to form

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13
Q

Catalyst

A

Substance that changes the rate of reaction

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14
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

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15
Q

Centrifuge

A

Device that uses rotation to separate substances

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16
Q

Chemical reaction

A

Process that changes one chemical substance to another

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17
Q

Colloid

A

Mixed substance that are evenly dispersed

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18
Q

Combustion

A

Burning with fuel, heat, oxygen

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19
Q

Compound

A

Pure substance with at least two chemical elements

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20
Q

Condensation

A

Change from a gas to a liquid

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21
Q

Conductor

A

Material that allows electricity to flow

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22
Q

Deposition

A

Settling of particles in a solution

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23
Q

Electrolyte

A

Electrically Conductive substances

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24
Q

Electron

A

Elementary particle with no charge

25
Q

Entropy

A

Even distribution of a system

26
Q

Freezing

A

Phase transition of a liquid to a solid

27
Q

Frequency

A

Number of events per unit of time

28
Q

Gas

A

State of matter in which particles have no definite volume

29
Q

Geochemistry

A

Chemistry of the Earth’s composition

30
Q

Indicator

A

Compound added to a solution that changes color depending on acidity

31
Q

Inorganic Compound

A

Non biological, or lacking carbon and hydrogen

32
Q

Insulator

A

Material that resists the flow of electricity

33
Q

Ion

A

Atom that has gained or lost an electron

34
Q

Ionization

A

Process of converting an atom into an ion

35
Q

Kinetics

A

Study of the rates of chemical processes

36
Q

Lattice

A

Arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystal

37
Q

Liquid

A

State of matter that has a fixed volume but not shape

38
Q

Melting

A

Phase change from a solid to a liquid

39
Q

Mole

A

Measurement that contains 6.02x10^23 units

40
Q

Molecule

A

Neutral group of atoms held together by bonds

41
Q

Neutron

A

Neutral part of an atoms nucleus

42
Q

Nucleus

A

Center of an atom, made of protons and electrons

43
Q

Organic Chemistry

A

Chemistry of carbon based componds

44
Q

pH

A

Measure of acidity of a solution

45
Q

Plasma

A

State of matter similar to a gas, in which some particles are ionized

46
Q

Precipitate

A

Formation of a solid in a solution

47
Q

Proton

A

Positive part of an atoms nucleus

48
Q

Quark

A

Elementary particle of matter

49
Q

Reagent

A

Substance that is added to a system to get a reaction

50
Q

Sol

A

Suspension of solids in a liquid

51
Q

Solid

A

State of matter in which molecules resist movement

52
Q

Solute

A

The part of the solution that is put into the solvent

53
Q

Solvent

A

The part of the solution that dissolves the solute

54
Q

Sublimation

A

Phase transition from a solid to a gas

55
Q

Triple Point

A

Temperature and pressure at which three states of matter exist simultaneously

56
Q

Valence Electron

A

Outermost electrons of an atom

57
Q

Vaporization

A

Phase change from a liquid to a gas

58
Q

Viscosity

A

Measure of resistance of fluid, or thickness

59
Q

Yield

A

Amount of a product made in a chemical reaction

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