Chemistry random stuff Flashcards
Test for chlorine gas
bleaches damp red litmus paper
Test for ammonia gas
turns damp red litmus paper blue
flame test lithium ion
red flame
flame test sodium ion
yellow flame
flame test potassium ion
lilac flame
flame test calcium ion
orangey red flame
flame test copper(2) ion
bluey green flame
test for copper(3) ion
blue precipitate (copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide)
test for iron(3) ion
brown precipitate (iron chloride and sodium hydroxide)
test for iron(2) ion
green precipitate (iron sulfate and sodium hydroxide)
test for carbonates
CO2 bubbles formed (tested with limewater) when adding dilute HCL
test for sulfates
add HCL and barium chloride - forms white precipitate
tests for chlorides, bromides, iodides
add nitric acid then silver nitrate - chloride forms white precipitate, bromide forms a cream precipitate, iodide forms yellow precipitate
increased pressure effect on equilibrium
position of equilibrium shifts to side with fewer (gas) molecules
increased temperature effect on equilibrium
position of equilibrium shifts to the endothermic reaction (as if it is to balance out the temperature)
increased concentration (of reactants) effect on equilibrium
position of equilibrium shifts to produce more products
if △heat is negative…
forward reaction is exothermic
atom economy equation
RFM of wanted product / RFM of all reactants
concentration equation
mass or moles = concentration (g/dm^3) x volume (dm^3)
which chlorides arent soluble
silver and lead
which sulphates arent soluble
barium, calcium and lead
which compounds are always soluble
pottasium, ammonium and sodium
