Chemistry - Periodic Table

Question 1

Name the first three elements in Group 1?

Answer 1

Lithium, Sodium and Potassium.

Question 2

How many electrons do all group 1 atoms have in their outer shell?

Answer 2

1. Remember Group 1 = 1 electron in outer shell.

Question 3

What is a common name for the group 1 metals?

Answer 3

Alkali metals

Question 4

What are two physical properties of the alkali metals?

Answer 4

They are very soft
They have low melting and boiling points
They are good conductors of electricity

Question 5

What are two chemical properties of the alkali metals?

Answer 5

They are very reactive.
They have 1 electron in their outer shell
They react easily with water and air.

Question 6

What happens to the melting point of the elements as you go down group 1?

Answer 6

It decreases

Question 7

What happens to the reactivity of the elements as you go down group 1?

Answer 7

It increases

Question 8

Which element is more reactive: Potassium or Francium?

Answer 8

Francium as it is further down the group.

Question 9

Why does reactivity increase as you go down group 1?

Answer 9

The electron in the outer shell gets further away from the nucleus. (This means it can be lost more easily)

Question 10

I react a lump of potassium with water. What would you observe?

Answer 10

A lilac flame and fizzing/bubbles being given off.

Question 11

Which metal has a higher boiling point: Sodium or lithium?

Answer 11

Lithium because it is higher up the group.`

Question 12

What are the two products when potassium reacts with water?

Answer 12

Potassium Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Question 13

Which is the correct balanced equation for the reaction of caesium, Cs, with water?

Answer 13

The top equation

Question 14

Which is the correct word equation for the reaction of lithium with water?

lithium + water → alkali + hydrogen

lithium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

lithium + water → hydrogen + lithium hydroxide

Answer 14

lithium + water → hydrogen + lithium hydroxide

Question 15

Why is sodium more reactive than lithium?

Answer 15

Its outer electron is lost more easily

Question 16

Answer 16

B and C (because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell)

Question 17

Answer 17

B. Hydroxide makes things alkaline

Question 18

Describe the ‘plum pudding’ model of the atom

Answer 18

A solid sphere with positive charge with smaller negative charges on its surface.

Question 19

In the current model of the atom, what are the two particles that are present in the nucleus?

Answer 19

Protons and neutrons

Question 20

The Rutherford scattering experiment proved the existence of what?

Answer 20

The nucleus

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Why did Rutherford use gold foil in his experiment?

Answer 22

You can make gold foil very thin so that some particles will still pass through the foil