chemistry part two

Question 1

What is a base?

Answer 1

A base is a material that, when combined with hydrogen ions, may neutralize an acid.

Question 2

What is an acid?

Answer 2

Contains hydrogen and can react with other substances to form salts.

Question 3

What is a pH scale?

Answer 3

The pH scale is used to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Question 4

Identify the ranges for acidic, basic, and neutral substances.

Answer 4

A pH of 7 is considered neutral. A pH of less than 7 is considered acidic. A pH of more than 7 is considered basic.

Question 5

In chemistry terms, what is a salt?

Answer 5

A substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base.

Question 6

When an acid reacts with a base, which 2 products are made?

Answer 6

The products of this reaction are salt and water.

Question 7

What are the 4 different states that can be used in a chemical reaction?

Answer 7

Solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous.

Question 8

What is the law of conservation mass?

Answer 8

The law of conservation of mass holds that mass is never generated nor destroyed in a chemical process.

Question 9

For a chemical reaction to occur, what must the particles do?

Answer 9

The reacting particles must collide with one another.

Question 10

What is the link between combustion reactions and exothermic reactions?

Answer 10

A substance burns as it combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the forms of heat and light.

Question 11

What is activation energy?

Answer 11

Amount of energy that is required to activate atoms or molecules to a condition in which they can undergo chemical transformation.

Question 12

If you increase the number of successful collisions or decrease the activation energy, what happens to the rate of reaction?

Answer 12

Increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the frequency of collisions between reactants.

Question 13

How does increasing concentration affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 13

The number of molecules with the minimum required energy will increase, and therefore the rate of the reaction will increase.

Question 14

How does increasing the pressure affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 14

Increase in the number of molecules that have the minimum required energy.

Question 15

How does increasing agitation affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 15

Reactant increases the frequency of collisions and increases the reaction rate

Question 16

How does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 16

A rise in the energy levels of the molecules involved in the reaction.

Question 17

What is a catalyst?

Answer 17

A substance that speeds up a reaction.

Question 18

How do catalysts affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 18

Reducing the activation energy or changing the reaction mechanism.