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GCSE Chemistry > Chemistry: Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry: Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what are hydrocarbons

A

compound that is only made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms

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2
Q

what is an alkane

A

simplest hydrocarbon with the formula CnHn+2

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3
Q

what is fractional distillation

A

you heat crude oil causing the hydrocarbons to rise and collect at different points

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4
Q

what is cracking (crude oil)

A

splitting up long chain hydrocarbons into smaller ones

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5
Q

what is an alkene

A

unsaturated double carbon bond hydrocarbon. CnH2n

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6
Q

what flame do alkenes burn with

A

smokey flame

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7
Q

what four reactions can happen to alkenes

A

addition reactions, addition of hydrogen, steam addition, addition with halogens

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8
Q

what is a functional group

A

group of atoms in a molecule that determine how that molecule typically reacts

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9
Q

what is a homogulous series

A

group of compounds with same functional group and react in similar ways

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10
Q

what forms when steam reacts with alkene

A

alcohol

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11
Q

what are polymers

A

long chain of monomers bonded to each other

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12
Q

what is polymerisation

A

the process of monomers joining together to form a polymer

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13
Q

what monomers make up addition polymers

A

unsaturated monomers

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14
Q

what functional groups do alcohols have

A

OH

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15
Q

what is the formula for alcohol

A

CnH2n+1OH

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16
Q

what two things can alcohols be used for

A

solvents and fuels

17
Q

how can ethanol be made

A

fermentation

18
Q

describe fermentation

A

uses an enzyme in yeast to convert sugars into alcohol and produce CO2

19
Q

what are the best conditions for fermentation (3 details0

A

37C temp slightly acidic and anaerobic

20
Q

what are carboxylic acids

A

homologous series of compounds that all have the COOH functional group

21
Q

what is an ester

A

homologous series with functional group COO

22
Q

what form to make an ester

A

alcohol and carboxylic acids

23
Q

what is the general reaction word equation for esters

A

alcohol + carboxylic acids –acid catayst–> ester + water

24
Q

what is condensation polymerisation

A

polymerisation with monomers that have two functional groups

25
Q

what products are formed from condensation polymerisation

A

polymer and water

26
Q

give three examples of natural polymers and their monomers

A

Protein is the polymer of amino acids
DNA is the made up of nucleotide polymers that are made from bases
Starch is the polymer of glucose

GCSE Chemistry (10 decks)

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