CHEMISTRY OF PSYCH Flashcards
1
Q
CLASSES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS
A
• Small molecules; peptides; gases
2
Q
• Small molecules; peptides; gases
A
CLASSES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS
3
Q
SMALL MOLECULES
A
- Acetylcholine
- Nonrepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- Seratonin
- Dopamine
- GABA
- Glutamate
4
Q
- Acetylcholine
- Nonrepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- Seratonin
- Dopamine
- GABA
- Glutamate
A
SMALL MOLECULES
5
Q
ACETYCHOLINE
A
- a neurotransmitter used by neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems in the control of functions
- ranging from muscle contraction (movement) and heart rate
- to digestion and memory
- neurons of parasympathetic S use it to slow heartbeat and activate digestive system
- neurons of muscles, for contractions
- In the brain, neurons that use acetylcholine (called cholinergic neurons) are common
- Necessary in the formation of memories – Alzheimer’s
6
Q
- a neurotransmitter used by neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems in the control of functions
- ranging from muscle contraction (movement) and heart rate
- to digestion and memory
- neurons of parasympathetic S use it to slow heartbeat and activate digestive system
- neurons of muscles, for contractions
- In the brain, neurons that use acetylcholine (called cholinergic neurons) are common
- Necessary in the formation of memories – Alzheimer’s
A
ACETYCHOLINE
7
Q
NOREPINEPHRINE (noradrenaline)
A
- Occurs in both CNS and PNS
- a neurotransmitter involved in arousal;
- learning, sleep, mood regulation (depression)
- neurons of sympathetic NS use it, to prep. you for action
8
Q
- Occurs in both CNS and PNS
- a neurotransmitter involved in arousal;
- learning, sleep, mood regulation (depression)
- neurons of sympathetic NS use it, to prep. you for action
A
NOREPINEPHRINE (noradrenaline)
9
Q
SERATONIN
A
- a neurotransmitter used by cells in parts of the brain involved in the regulation of sleep, mood and eating
- most of cells that use it midline of hindbrain
- neurons’ axions send branches into forebrain
- sleep and mood (depression); appetite
- partly comes from tryptophan (from carbs)
- impairment = aggression and impulse control (impulsivity); depression; obesity
10
Q
- a neurotransmitter used by cells in parts of the brain involved in the regulation of sleep, mood and eating
- most of cells that use it midline of hindbrain
- neurons’ axions send branches into forebrain
- sleep and mood (depression); appetite
- partly comes from tryptophan (from carbs)
- impairment = aggression and impulse control (impulsivity); depression; obesity
A
SERATONIN
11
Q
DOPAMINE
A
- a neurotransmitter used in the parts of the brain involved in regulating movement and experiencing pleasure (reward)
- thus dopaminergic neurons
- impairment = Parkinson’s; schizophrenia; drug addiction
12
Q
- a neurotransmitter used in the parts of the brain involved in regulating movement and experiencing pleasure (reward)
- thus dopaminergic neurons
- impairment = Parkinson’s; schizophrenia; drug addiction
A
DOPAMINE
13
Q
GABA
A
- Gamma-amino butyric acid
- a neurotransmitter that inhibits the firing of neurons
- assist in sleep / movement
- certain drugs amplify ‘braking action’ of GABA—being drunk
- impairment = severe anxiety, Huntingdon’s, dementia. Epilepsy
14
Q
- Gamma-amino butyric acid
- a neurotransmitter that inhibits the firing of neurons
- assist in sleep / movement
- certain drugs amplify ‘braking action’ of GABA—being drunk
- impairment = severe anxiety, Huntingdon’s, dementia. Epilepsy
A
GABA
15
Q
GLUTAMATE
A
- an excitatory neurotransmitter that helps strengthen synaptic connections between neurons
- mostly in cerebral cortex & hippocampus
- root of normal development/ learning & memory
- overactivity = neuron death = oxygen cut off from neurons = stroke–brain damage
