Chemistry of Life Quest

Question 1

What are the four most abundant elements in living things

Answer 1

CHON Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen

Question 2

If you dissolve salt in water what is the solute? The solvent? The solution?

Answer 2

salt (solute), water(solvent), salt water (solution)

Question 3

What is a solution?

Answer 3

an equal mixture of 2 or more things, physically not chemically combined

Question 4

What are the properties of water (most of which result from the fact that water molecules are polar and tend to stick together)? Give an example of each one. The text lists five.

Answer 4

surface tension cohesion, adhesion, specific heat capacity, ability to devolve many substances

Question 5

What atoms make up a water molecule? Draw an illustration
showing a water molecule’s structure. Be sure to label which side
of the molecule is positive and which is negative.

Answer 5

hydrogen(+) oxygen(-)

Question 6

When water boils or evaporates, what type of bond breaks? (What is the bond between water molecules called?

Answer 6

hydrogen bonds

Question 7

What has mass, composes up life and elements, and occupies space?

Answer 7

atoms

Question 8

Know the structure of an atom and the respective mass and charges of the parts. What determines the atomic number?

Answer 8

of protons

Question 9

What is an isotope? How are radioactive isotopes used?

Answer 9

Isotopes are a form of an element with different number of electrons

Question 10

Why does ice float?

Answer 10

it’s less dense than water

Question 11

What is an ion and how is an ionic bond formed?

Answer 11

Ion positively or negatively charged atom
Ionic bonds form when 1 or more electrons are transferred to an atom

Question 12

What is an atom, and how is a covalent bond formed?

Answer 12

atom smallest unit of mater, and covalent formed by sharing electrons

Question 13

Hydrogen bonds are an example of what kind of weak force? (Hint: It’s a person’s last name.)

Answer 13

Van der Waals forces

Question 14

Rank the relative strengths of covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds in solids from strongest to weakest.

Answer 14

Ionic (strong, covalent( medium), hydrogen(weak)

Question 15

What is pH a measure of?

Answer 15

hydrogen atoms

Question 16

Label PH Scale
0-7:
7:
7-14:

Answer 16

acidic, neutral, basic

Question 17

How are the intervals on the pH scale measured? How many times higher in H+ ions than a pH of 5 compared to a pH of 4? How many times higher in H+ ions than a pH of 6 compared to pH of 4?

Answer 17

10x 100x

Question 18

What is the smallest particle of water that still retains the properties of water?

Answer 18

d molecule

Question 19

Know the three types of bonds we discussed, their relative strengths, which are chemical bonds, and how each bond forms.

Answer 19

Ionic- transfer electrons
covalent- share electrons
hydrogen- attraction

Question 20

What two special properties of water are involved in capillary action?

Answer 20

adhesion, cohesion

Question 21

If a reaction absorbs energy in one direction, what must it do in the opposite direction?

Answer 21

absorbs energy

Question 22

In reactions, atoms aren’t created nor destroyed, they are only ____________.

Answer 22

transformed