Chemistry Of Life Chapter 2

Question 0

Chemistry

Answer 0

Is the science that studies the elements, their compounds, the chemical reactions that occur between elements and compounds, and the molecular structure of all matter

Question 1

It is necessary to understand some basic chemistry because _____

Answer 1

The body’s cells, tissues, and organs are all composed of chemicals and function through chemical reactions

Question 2

Atoms

Answer 2

The smallest particles of elements that maintain all the characteristics of that element and enter into chemical reactions through their electrons

Question 3

An _____ consists of a nucleus containing positively charged protons and neutral neutrons

Answer 3

Atom

Question 4

_____ have a negative charge and orbit the nucleus of an atom in levels at some distance from the compact heavy nucleus

Answer 4

Electrons

Question 5

An ______ is a substance whose atoms all contain the same number of protons and the same number of electrons. Atoms are electrically neutral.

Answer 5

Element

Question 6

A _____ is a combination of the atoms of two or more elements.

Answer 6

Compound

Question 7

An _____ is a different kind of atom of the same element where the number of neutrons in the nucleus varies.

Answer 7

Isotope

Question 8

Carbon

Answer 8

Is the element found in all living matter

Question 9

Periodic table of elements

Answer 9

Arranges elements in categories with similar properties

Question 10

Bonds and energy

Answer 10

Atoms combine chemically with one another to form bonds by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons

Question 11

Ionic bond

Answer 11

is formed when one atom gains electrons while the other atom in the bond loses electrons. Ionically bonded molecules disassociate when immersed in water. The mineral salts form ionic bonds

Question 12

Covalent bond

Answer 12

Is formed when atoms share electrons. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen form covalent bonds. These bonds do not dissociate when placed in water

Question 13

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 13

Are weak bonds, they help hold water molecules together and bind other molecules into three- dimensional shapes

Question 14

Molecules

Answer 14

Furnishing electrons during a chemical reaction are called electron donors those that gain electrons are called electrons acceptors

Question 15

____ contain energy. It is the electrons that contain the energy of a chemical bond

Answer 15

Bonds

Question 16

_____molecules are called electron carriers accept electrons for a short period of time and use the energy of the electrons to make ATP molecules.

Answer 16

Special

Question 17

The common substances in living systems are?

Answer 17

Water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, ammonia, mineral salts, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and adenosine triphosphate.

Question 18

What percentage of a cell is water?

Answer 18

60-80% ( water is slightly polar molecule)

Question 19

____ has many important roles in cells: it takes part in some reactions; it serves as a medium or solvent for other reactions to occur in; it serves as a basis for the transportation of materials; it absorbs and releases heat; maintaining body temperature, it protects; and it is the base for all body lubricants.

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 20

Is produced as a waste product of cellular respiration

Question 21

It is necessary for plants to produce ____ ___ in the photosynthetic reaction, which converts the sun’s radiant energy into usable chemical energy like glucose for plant and animal survival.

Answer 21

Oxygen gas