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Biosciences > Chemistry Of Life > Flashcards

Chemistry Of Life Flashcards

1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that occupies space/ has a mass

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2
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of chemical reactions that are occurring in the body

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3
Q

Two types of metabolism and what they do

A

Catabolism (breaks things down) and anabolism (builds things up)

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4
Q

What are three forms of matter

A

Solids, liquids, gas

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5
Q

What are atoms?

A

Building blocks of matter

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6
Q

Neutron charge

A

Neutral (don’t have charge)

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7
Q

Proton charge

A

Positive

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8
Q

Electron charge

A

Negative

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9
Q

What is in a nucleus (chemically)

A

Protons and neutrons

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10
Q

What is the atomic number

A

Number of protons

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11
Q

What is the mass number

A

Number of protons and neutrons

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12
Q

Hydrogen symbol

A

H

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13
Q

Carbon symbol

A

C

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14
Q

Nitrogen symbol

A

N

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15
Q

Oxygen symbol

A

O

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16
Q

Sodium symbol

A

Na

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17
Q

Chlorine symbol

A

Cl

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18
Q

Potassium symbol

A

K

19
Q

What is an ion?

A

Atom that has gained or lost an electron and has become charged

20
Q

Positively charged ion?

A

Cation CA++

21
Q

Negatively charged ion

A

Anion CL-

22
Q

What is a molecule?

A

When two or more atoms share electrons

23
Q

3 jobs of water

A

Homeostasis (temp regulation), transport medium, solvent

24
Q

Name 3 chemical bonds

A

Ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds

25
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

Force of attraction between ions of opposite charges

26
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

Polar covalent bonds that form between hydrogen atoms and other atoms

27
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

Atoms form a molecule by sharing one, two, or three pairs of their outer shell electrons

28
Q

What do inorganic compounds usually lack?

A

Carbon

29
Q

What compounds always contain carbon?

A

Organic

30
Q

What are inorganic compounds held together with?

A

Ionic or covalent bonds

31
Q

What do organic compounds contain

A

Always carbon, usually hydrogen also

32
Q

Name 3 organic compounds

A

Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, enzymes

33
Q

What are lipids

A

Hydrophobic - insoluble in water

34
Q

Name 3 nucleic acids

A

DNA, RNA, ATP

35
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

Allow chemical reactions at low temperatures - as they lower the activation energy

36
Q

If body temp increases, what happens to enzymes?

A

Unravel / denature

37
Q

What has twice as much energy in fat compared to carbohydrates?

A

Lipids

38
Q

What do carbohydrates contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

39
Q

What are carbohydrates a good source of?

A

Energy

40
Q

What is ATP

A

Adenosine triphosphate

41
Q

What can ATP be sometimes known as?

A

Energy currency

42
Q

What is the mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of cell - produces most of the ATP

43
Q

DNA nucleotide bases?

A

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

44
Q

RNA nucleotide bases?

A

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

Biosciences (4 decks)

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